{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:06:28Z","timestamp":1790420788862,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Friedreich ataxia (FA) neuropathology affects dorsal root ganglia, posterior columns in the spinal cord, the spinocerebellar tracts, and cerebellar dentate nuclei. The impact of the somatosensory system on ataxic symptoms remains debated. This study aims to better evaluate the contribution of somatosensory processing to ataxia clinical severity by simultaneously investigating passive movement and tactile pneumatic stimulation in individuals with FA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty patients with FA and 20 healthy participants were included. All subjects underwent two 6\u2009min block-design functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigms consisting of twelve 30\u2009s alternating blocks (10 brain volumes per block, 120 brain volumes per paradigm) of a tactile oddball paradigm and a passive movement paradigm. Spearman rank correlation tests were used for correlations between BOLD levels and ataxia severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The passive movement paradigm led to the lower activation of primary (cSI) and secondary somatosensory cortices (cSII) in FA compared with healthy subjects (respectively 1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.78 vs. 0.61\u2009\u00b1\u20091.02, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04, and 0.69\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5 vs. 0.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.41, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). In the tactile paradigm, there was no significant difference between cSI and cSII activation levels in healthy controls and FA (respectively 0.88\u2009\u00b1\u20090.73 vs. 1.14\u2009\u00b1\u20090.99, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.33, and 0.54\u2009\u00b1\u20090.37 vs. 0.55\u2009\u00b1\u20090.54, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.93). Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between cSI activation levels in the tactile paradigm and the clinical severity (R\u2009=\u20090.481, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study captured the difference between tactile and proprioceptive impairments in FA using somatosensory fMRI paradigms. The lack of correlation between the proprioceptive paradigm and ataxia clinical parameters supports a low contribution of afferent ataxia to FA clinical severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1224345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T12:43:19Z","timestamp":1695386599000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Proprioceptive and tactile processing in individuals with Friedreich ataxia: an fMRI study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Virginie","family":"Destrebecq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonin","family":"Rovai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Trotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Comet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Naeije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70321-7","article-title":"Biological and clinical characteristics of the European Friedreich\u2019s ataxia consortium for translational studies (EFACTS) cohort: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data","volume":"14","author":"Reetz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.10.1296","article-title":"Friedreich ataxia","volume":"65","author":"Pandolfo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31827e5762","article-title":"Friedreich ataxia: neuropathology revised","volume":"72","author":"Koeppen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e415","DOI":"10.1212\/NXG.0000000000000415","article-title":"Neurologic outcomes in Friedreich ataxia","volume":"6","author":"Pandolfo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol Genet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1515\/9783112391280-020","article-title":"Ueber degenerative Atrophie der spinalen Hinterstr\u00e4nge","volume":"26","author":"Friedreich","year":"1863","journal-title":"Arch f\u00fcr Pathol Anat und Physiol und f\u00fcr Klin Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0675-0","article-title":"Pathology and pathogenesis of sensory neuropathy in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"120","author":"Morral","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlx087","article-title":"Friedreich ataxia: developmental failure of the dorsal root entry zone","volume":"76","author":"Koeppen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.06.064","article-title":"Cortical kinematic processing of executed and observed goal-directed hand actions","volume":"119","author":"Marty","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.05.003","article-title":"Altered neocortical tactile but preserved auditory early change detection responses in Friedreich ataxia","volume":"130","author":"Naeije","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0288-5","article-title":"Dorsal root ganglia in Friedreich ataxia: satellite cell proliferation and inflammation","volume":"4","author":"Koeppen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1283","article-title":"Small fibers involvement in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"50","author":"Nolano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(82)90095-8","article-title":"Friedreich\u2019s ataxia. Early detection and progression of peripheral nerve abnormalities","volume":"55","author":"Ouvrier","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly100","article-title":"Intraepidermal nerve fiber density in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"77","author":"Indelicato","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880130610","article-title":"Electrophysiological and histological follow-up study in 15 Friedreich\u2019s ataxia patients","volume":"13","author":"Santoro","year":"1990","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50865","article-title":"Measuring peripheral nerve involvement in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"6","author":"Creigh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/104.3.589","article-title":"Friedreich\u2019s ataxia: a clinical and genetic study of 90 families with an analysis of early diagnostic criteria and intrafamilial clustering of clinical features","volume":"104","author":"Harding","year":"1981","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/36.2.166","article-title":"Sensory changes in Friedreich\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Saunders","year":"1913","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1080\/14660820052415790","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) clinical studies in ALS--paradigms, problems and promises","author":"Brooks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.2337\/db18-0509","article-title":"Structural and functional abnormalities of the primary somatosensory cortex in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a multimodal MRI study","volume":"68","author":"Selvarajah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2012.70","article-title":"Functional MRI of the cortical sensorimotor system in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia","volume":"50","author":"Tomberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802496","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.802496","article-title":"Functional MRI studies in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Vavla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27023","article-title":"Cerebral compensation during motor function in Friedreich ataxia: the IMAGE-FRDA study","volume":"32","author":"Harding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00872","article-title":"Sensitivity of neuroimaging indicators in monitoring the effects of interferon gamma treatment in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"14","author":"Vavla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00747","article-title":"Functional and structural brain damage in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"9","author":"Vavla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21319","article-title":"Neurodegeneration in friedreich\u2019s ataxia is associated with a mixed activation pattern of the brain. A fMRI study","volume":"33","author":"Ginestroni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000219042.60538.92","article-title":"Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia: development of a new clinical scale","volume":"66","author":"Schmitz-H\u00fcbsch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2018.12.014","article-title":"MRI-compatible pneumatic stimulator for sensorimotor mapping","volume":"313","author":"Lolli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-017-0591-x","article-title":"Neural basis of early somatosensory change detection: a magnetoencephalography study","volume":"31","author":"Naeije","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Topogr"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.01.025","article-title":"A portable and low-cost fMRI compatible pneumatic system for the investigation of the somatosensensory system in clinical and research environments","volume":"398","author":"Wienbruch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/72991","article-title":"A multimodal cortical network for the detection of changes in the sensory environment","volume":"3","author":"Downar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.01.020","article-title":"Human secondary somatosensory cortex is involved in the processing of somatosensory rare stimuli: an fMRI study","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.11.026","article-title":"Corticokinematic coherence mainly reflects movement-induced proprioceptive feedback","volume":"106","author":"Bourguignon","year":"2015","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e116","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007750","article-title":"Evidence for genetically determined degeneration of proprioceptive tracts in Friedreich ataxia","volume":"93","author":"Marty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20219","article-title":"Motion correction and the use of motion covariates in multiple-subject fMRI analysis","volume":"27","author":"Johnstone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017211","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1017211","article-title":"Task-based functional MRI challenges in clinical neuroscience: choice of the best head motion correction approach in multiple sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Soares","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119081","article-title":"Across the adult lifespan the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex negative BOLD response exhibits decreases in magnitude and spatial extent suggesting declining inhibitory control","volume":"253","author":"Mayhew","year":"2022","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.1.135","article-title":"Functional MRI cerebral activation and deactivation during finger movement","volume":"54","author":"Allison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5819","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5536-05.2006","article-title":"Transient suppression of ipsilateral primary somatosensory cortex during tactile finger stimulation","volume":"26","author":"Hlushchuk","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhi106","article-title":"The human parietal operculum. II. Stereotaxic maps and correlation with functional imaging results","volume":"16","author":"Eickhoff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.034","article-title":"A new SPM toolbox for combining probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and functional imaging data","volume":"25","author":"Eickhoff","year":"2005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.1058","article-title":"Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: a primer with examples","volume":"15","author":"Nichols","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.10.027","article-title":"The problem of low variance voxels in statistical parametric mapping; a new hat avoids a \u201chaircut\u201d","volume":"59","author":"Ridgway","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1499","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200913","article-title":"Natural history of Friedreich\u2019s ataxia: heterogeneity of neurological progression and consequences for clinical trial design","volume":"99","author":"Rummey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.10.1989","article-title":"Brain structures related to active and passive finger movements in man","volume":"122","author":"Mima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.02.052","article-title":"BOLD signal in sensorimotor regions reveals differential encoding of passive forefinger velocity and displacement amplitude","volume":"173","author":"Due\u00f1as","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116177","article-title":"Coupling between human brain activity and body movements: insights from non-invasive electromagnetic recordings","volume":"203","author":"Bourguignon","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1996.0034","article-title":"Brain representation of active and passive movements","volume":"4","author":"Weiller","year":"1996","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.05.009","article-title":"Cortical activation during executed, imagined, observed, and passive wrist movements in healthy volunteers and stroke patients","volume":"62","author":"Szameitat","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.02.002","article-title":"Corticokinematic coherence during active and passive finger movements","volume":"238","author":"Piitulainen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.023","article-title":"Effects of somatosensory stimulation and attention on human somatosensory cortex: an fMRI study","volume":"53","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00259","article-title":"Multilevel cortical processing of somatosensory novelty: a magnetoencephalography study","volume":"10","author":"Naeije","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(94)90135-X","article-title":"Comparison of somatosensory evoked fields to airpuff and electric stimuli","volume":"92","author":"Forss","year":"1994","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00420-X","article-title":"Somatosensory cortex responses to median nerve stimulation: fMRI effects of current amplitude and selective attention","volume":"111","author":"Backes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3677","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0352","article-title":"Assessing decreased sensation and increased sensory phenomena in diabetic polyneuropathies","volume":"62","author":"Dyck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12983","article-title":"Ageing of the somatosensory system at the periphery: age-related changes in cutaneous mechanoreceptors","volume":"234","author":"Garc\u00eda-Piqueras","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e750","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013175","article-title":"Age-based normative values of Meissner\u2019s corpuscle density using in-vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (2036)","volume":"98","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117056","article-title":"Functional brain changes in the elderly for the perception of hand movements: a greater impairment occurs in proprioception than touch","volume":"220","author":"Landelle","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2012.10.038","article-title":"Age-related changes in the somatosensory processing of tactile stimulation\u2014an fMRI study","volume":"238","author":"Brodoehl","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/MDS.29261","article-title":"Progressive spinal cord degeneration in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia: results from ENIGMA-ataxia","volume":"38","author":"Rezende","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28841","article-title":"Tract-specific spinal cord diffusion tensor imaging in Friedreich\u2019s ataxia","volume":"37","author":"Hernandez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.07.051","article-title":"The sensory neurons of touch","volume":"79","author":"Abraira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14790.x","article-title":"Anatomical mapping of Merkel cells in normal human adult epidermis","volume":"125","author":"Lacour","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24921","article-title":"Multiple mechanisms underpin cerebral and cerebellar white matter deficits in Friedreich ataxia: the IMAGE-FRDA study","volume":"41","author":"Selvadurai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e045036","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.045036","article-title":"Reduced transcallosal inhibition in Alzheimer\u2019s disease compared to healthy controls","volume":"16","author":"Agrawal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.09.026","article-title":"Transcallosal inhibition in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"118","author":"Wittstock","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-308172","article-title":"Patterns of cerebral and cerebellar white matter degeneration in ALS","volume":"86","author":"Bede","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X211001216","article-title":"Crossed cerebellar diaschisis on 18F-FDG PET: frequency across neurodegenerative syndromes and association with 11C-PIB and 18F-Flortaucipir","volume":"41","author":"Provost","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.11.001","article-title":"Long term clinical and neurophysiological effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with neurodegenerative ataxia","volume":"10","author":"Benussi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360117","article-title":"Suppression of motor cortical excitability by electrical stimulation over the cerebellum in ataxia","volume":"36","author":"Ugawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-5597(97)00051-8","article-title":"Magnetic stimulation over the cerebellum in patients with ataxia","volume":"104","author":"Ugawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-023-01511-x","article-title":"Investigation of neuromodulatory effect of anodal cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation on the primary motor cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy","author":"Shoaib","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cerebellum"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1224345\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T12:43:21Z","timestamp":1695386601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1224345\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2023.1224345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1224345","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"article-number":"1224345"}}