{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:05:53Z","timestamp":1792029953174,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and functional deterioration. Pharmacological interventions play a crucial role in managing dementia symptoms and potentially slowing down disease progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of pharmacological interventions, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), memantine, and <jats:italic>Gingko<\/jats:italic> extract, on the progression of dementia, with a specific focus on mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), and non-Alzheimer dementias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 547 participants out of 3,547 cases in a specific dataset followed by the same author, including healthy controls, individuals with MCI, AD, and non-Alzheimer dementias, were included in this study. The follow-up duration was up to 211\u2009months, allowing for a minimum 3 visits comprehensive assessment of disease progression. The treatment approaches included AChEIs, memantine, and combination therapy, with variations in the starting time for these treatments based on the dementia type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of AChEIs and memantine showed efficacy in improving cognitive function and overall function in individuals with MCI, AD, and non-AD dementias. Combination therapy EGb761 like <jats:italic>Gingko<\/jats:italic> extract with AChEIs and\/or Memantine demonstrated a slower progression compared to AChEIs alone in individuals with prodromal dementia (MCI) and AD. The starting time for memantine and combination therapy was earlier in non-AD dementia cases compared to AD dementia cases and prodromal dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pharmacological interventions, particularly the use of AChEIs and memantine, can have a positive impact on cognitive function and overall function in individuals with dementia. The combination of AChEIs with EGb761 like <jats:italic>Gingko<\/jats:italic> extract may provide additional benefits in slowing down disease progression in AD cases. Early recognition and accurate classification of MCI subtypes are crucial, and the use of EGb761 like <jats:italic>Gingko<\/jats:italic> extract is recommended for symptomatic treatment. Future personalized risk predictions based on biomarker constellations may further enhance the multi-target treatment approaches of MCI and different dementia types.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1240655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T12:13:20Z","timestamp":1702469600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Early intervention and adding effective doses of EGb761 like Ginkgo extract slow down dementia progression: insights to the neurovascular 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