{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:21:12Z","timestamp":1791195672656,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to study the therapeutic effects of ofatumumab in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) in addition to the immunomodulatory effects on peripheral follicular T helper (Tfh) cells and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-one patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody-positive MG were included in this study. At weeks 0, 1, 2, and 4, an initial dose of 20 mg of ofatumumab was injected subcutaneously, with a 2-month follow-up after completing this first cycle. At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, we assessed the Quantitative MG (QMG), 15-item MG-Quality of Life (MG-QOL15), and MG-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scales and measured the frequencies of Tfh, Th17, and B cells and the levels of anti-AChR antibody, IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17 in the peripheral blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 1 month and 3 months, the QMG, MG-QOL15, and MG-ADL scores were all significantly reduced. At 3 months, doses of prednisone were reduced by an average of 37%. Decreased frequencies of Tfh and Th17 cells, depletion of B cells, and reduced levels of IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17 were all observed at 1 month or 3 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Therefore, the therapeutic effect of ofatumumab could be detected after one cycle of treatment, which was maintained for 2 months. The immunomodulatory effect of ofatumumab during the observation period may involve depletion of B cells, reduction of Tfh and Th17 cells frequencies, and reduced levels of IL-6, IL-21, and IL-17. The findings provide novel data for the potential application of ofatumumab in MG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1278250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T12:43:57Z","timestamp":1702298637000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Therapeutic effect of ofatumumab in patients with myasthenia gravis: immunoregulation of follicular T helper cells and T helper type 17 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