{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:20:55Z","timestamp":1793830855120,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82104696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82104696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of Orff music therapy on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from the perspectives of parents, evaluators, and therapists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>93 children with ASD aged 3\u20136\u2009years participated in the study. They were divided into an observation group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200948) receiving comprehensive rehabilitation intervention including Orff music therapy, and a control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200945) receiving only comprehensive rehabilitation intervention. The Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Psycho-educational Profile-3rd edition (PEP-3) were used for assessments before and after the intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups. Both groups showed significant improvements in Sensory, Relating, Language, CVP, EL, RL, VMI, AE, SR, and CARS scores at T1, T2, and T3 (T1 vs. T2, T2 vs. T3, T1 vs. T3) (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The observation group demonstrated significant changes in Body and Object use and FM, while the control group showed some changes in these domains. Social and self-help, GM, CMB, and CVB also significantly improved in both groups after 6\u2009months of intervention (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). In terms of different time intervals, the observation group showed greater improvements in Sensory, Relating, Language, CARS scores, EL, RL, and SR compared to the control group (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The improvement levels in Body and Object use, CVP, FM, VMI, and AE did not differ significantly between the two groups in the T1\u2013T2 interval, but were significantly higher in the observation group in the T2\u2013T3 and T1\u2013T3 intervals (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The magnitude of changes in Social and self-help, GM, CMB, and CVB did not differ significantly between the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Orff music therapy showed significant improvements in language expression, language comprehension, social skills, cognitive abilities, imitation abilities, emotional expression and fine motor in children with ASD. These findings provide support for the use of Orff music therapy as an effective intervention for children with ASD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1387060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T19:20:41Z","timestamp":1718133641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The clinical effects of Orff music therapy on children with autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Qiongli","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengying","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LiSha","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanxing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0138-4","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder","volume":"6","author":"Lord","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7011a1","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of autism Spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years-autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2018","volume":"70","author":"Maenner","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000572","article-title":"The development of the social brain in baby siblings of children with autism","volume":"33","author":"Dean","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-018-0246-0","article-title":"Autism prevalence in China is comparable to Western prevalence","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Autism"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1754","article-title":"Parent-delivered early intervention in infants at risk for ASD: effects on electrophysiological and habituation measures of social attention","volume":"10","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autism Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e520","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0763","article-title":"Economic burden of childhood autism spectrum disorders","volume":"133","author":"Lavelle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6503a1","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of autism Spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years--autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2012","volume":"65","author":"Christensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579413000710","article-title":"A quarter century of progress on the early detection and treatment of autism spectrum disorder","volume":"25","author":"Dawson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2838","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr084","article-title":"Functional and dysfunctional brain circuits underlying emotional processing of music in autism spectrum disorders","volume":"21","author":"Caria","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199607113350204","article-title":"A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. 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