{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:45:08Z","timestamp":1792698308030,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information regarding the safety and efficacy of specific direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in the treatment of cerebral sinus and venous thrombosis (CSVT) is scarce. Apixaban is one of the most frequently prescribed DOACs. Therefore, we aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of Apixaban with those of vitamin k antagonists (VKA) in patients with CSVT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective CSVT databases from seven academic medical centers were retrospectively analyzed. Patients treated with Apixaban were compared to those treated with VKA. Data on demographics, clinical presentations, risk factors, radiological and outcome parameters were studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 403 patients were included in the analysis. Of them, 48 (12%) were treated with Apixaban, and 355 (88%) were treated with VKA. Rates of coagulopathies were significantly higher in the VKA-treated patients but no other differences between the groups were found in baseline characteristics and underlying etiology. No significant differences were found between groups in efficacy or safety parameters including the rates of recanalization, favorable outcomes, one-year mortality, seizures, intracranial hemorrhage or CSVT recurrences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggests that Apixaban may be safe and effective for patients with CSVT. These results should be tested in prospective randomized clinical studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1404099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:31:56Z","timestamp":1715819516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Efficacy and safety of Apixaban in the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a multi-center study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Naaem","family":"Simaan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issa","family":"Metanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asaf","family":"Honig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hen","family":"Hallevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Filioglo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rom","family":"Mendel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rani","family":"Barnea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Naftali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eitan","family":"Auriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shorooq","family":"Aladdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Orion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najib","family":"Dally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronen R.","family":"Leker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Molad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70029-7","article-title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis: an update","volume":"6","author":"Bousser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e31820a8364","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"42","author":"Saposnik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3375","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.671453","article-title":"The incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"43","author":"Coutinho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013617","article-title":"Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis incidence is higher than previously thought: a retrospective population-based study","volume":"47","author":"Devasagayam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000177894.05495.54","article-title":"Cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis in elderly patients","volume":"36","author":"Ferro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987317719364","article-title":"European stroke organization guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis\u2013endorsed by the European academy of neurology","volume":"2","author":"Ferro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Stroke J"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1159\/000502454","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants for the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"48","author":"Lurkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S84210","article-title":"New oral anticoagulants: their advantages and disadvantages compared with vitamin K antagonists in the prevention and treatment of patients with thromboembolic events","volume":"11","author":"Mekaj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107223","article-title":"Factors influencing real-life use of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with cerebral sinus and venous thrombosis","volume":"32","author":"Simaan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.2764","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of dabigatran etexilate vs dose-adjusted warfarin in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"76","author":"Ferro","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.123.044113","article-title":"Study of rivaroxaban for cerebral venous thrombosis: a randomized controlled feasibility trial comparing anticoagulation with rivaroxaban to standard-of-Care in Symptomatic Cerebral Venous Thrombosis","volume":"54","author":"Field","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.664144","article-title":"Bleeding during treatment with aspirin versus apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation unsuitable for warfarin: the apixaban versus acetylsalicylic acid to prevent stroke in atrial fibrillation patients who have failed or are unsuitable for vitamin K antagonist treatment (AVERROES) trial","volume":"43","author":"Flaker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039","article-title":"Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"365","author":"Granger","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2018.11.018","article-title":"Apixaban and rivaroxaban in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"173","author":"Covut","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-017-2930-0","article-title":"Successful treatment with apixaban of sinus venous thrombosis due to pegylated asparaginase in a young adult with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: case report and review of management","volume":"96","author":"Talamo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.09.007","article-title":"Apixaban for the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis: a case series","volume":"381","author":"Rao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-022-00981-7","article-title":"Apixaban for the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a single-Centre experience and systematic review of the literature","volume":"37","author":"Frol","year":"2023","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8016006","article-title":"Prognosis and outcome of cerebral sinus venous thrombosis\u2014a multicenter cohort study","volume":"2023","author":"Simaan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11041040","article-title":"Characteristics of cerebral sinus venous thrombosis patients presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"11","author":"Simaan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e426","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(16)30079-5","article-title":"Rivaroxaban versus warfarin to treat patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome, with or without systemic lupus erythematosus (RAPS): a randomised, controlled, openlabel, phase 2\/3, non-inferiority trial","volume":"3","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-016-0623-7","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants use in antiphospholipid syndrome: are these drugs an effective and safe alternative to warfarin? A systematic review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Dufrost","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-04-848333","article-title":"Rivaroxaban vs warfarin in high-risk patients with antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"132","author":"Pengo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.04.020","article-title":"A multicenter study of 1144 patients with cerebral venous thrombosis: the VENOST study","volume":"26","author":"Duman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.006167","article-title":"Novel factor xa inhibitor for the treatment of cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis: first experience in 7 patients","volume":"45","author":"Geisb\u00fcsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12462","article-title":"Oral direct thrombin inhibitor as an alternative in the management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a series of 15 patients","volume":"10","author":"Mendon\u00e7a","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e040212","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-040212","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants in treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Bose","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.037541","article-title":"Direct Oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis (ACTION-CVT): a multicenter international study","volume":"53","author":"Yaghi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302507","article-title":"Oral apixaban for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism","volume":"369","author":"Agnelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e026863","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.026863","article-title":"Prescribing trends of Oral anticoagulants in US patients with cirrhosis and Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation","volume":"12","author":"Simon","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-021-02416-4","article-title":"Prescribing trends of oral anticoagulants in England over the last decade: a focus on new and old drugs and adverse events reporting","volume":"52","author":"Afzal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13506","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of direct Oral anticoagulants in cerebral venous thrombosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"145","author":"Nepal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.11.021","article-title":"Meta-analysis comparing Apixaban versus rivaroxaban for Management of Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"166","author":"Mamas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0415-7","article-title":"Direct comparative effectiveness and safety between non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007432","article-title":"Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"364","author":"Connolly","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1251581","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants for the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis \u2013 a protocol of an international phase IV study","volume":"14","author":"van de Munckhof","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1404099\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:31:59Z","timestamp":1715819519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1404099\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2024.1404099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1404099","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"article-number":"1404099"}}