{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:26:57Z","timestamp":1780079217964,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to analyze the association between serum osmolality and the risk of in-hospital mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study, data of a total of 1,837 ICH patients aged \u226518\u2009years were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV). Serum osmolality and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)-to-creatinine (Cr) ratio (BCR) were used as the main variables to assess their association with the risk of in-hospital mortality in ICH patients after first intensive care unit (ICU) admission using a univariable Cox model. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were applied to explore the associations between serum osmolality, BCR, and in-hospital mortality of ICH patients. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median survival duration of all participants was 8.29 (4.61\u201315.24) days. Serum osmolality of \u2265295\u2009mmol\/L was correlated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with ICH (HR\u2009=\u20091.43, 95%CI: 1.14\u20131.78). BCR of &amp;gt;20 was not significantly associated with the risk of in-hospital mortality in ICH patients. A subgroup analysis indicated an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among ICH patients who were women, belonged to white or Black race, or had complications with acute kidney injury (AKI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>High serum osmolality was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among ICH patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1410569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T04:58:24Z","timestamp":1722574704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association between serum osmolality and risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhaosuo","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(19)30034-1","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Stroke, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016","volume":"18","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306476","article-title":"Long-term prognosis after intracerebral Haemorrhage: systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"Poon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg 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