{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:07:08Z","timestamp":1789675628457,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this review was to synthesize the current literature on the relationship between sleep and physical activity in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Cochrane, and Embase until April 2024. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that measuring sleep parameters by means of different measuring tools yields different results. Most studies have found no association between sleep and physical activity in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, especially when measured subjectively, such as parent reports and sleep logs. Physical activity interventions had a significant effect on sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep duration when measured objectively using instruments such as wrist actigraphy. Meta-analysis showed that children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who participated in mind\u2013body activities (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22123.01, 95%CI\u2009=\u2009\u22124.15~\u22121.87, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200999%) showed significant improvements in sleep, which were sessions lasting more than 12\u2009weeks (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22121.01, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200997%), performed at least 3 times per week (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.81, 95%CI\u2009=\u2009\u22121.53~\u22120.10, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200995%), and lasted for more than 60\u2009min per session (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22121.55, 95%CI\u2009=\u2009\u22122.67~\u22120.43, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200997%). However, the results of these subgroup analyses must be interpreted with caution because of the small number of studies included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that measuring sleep parameters by means of different measuring tools yields different results. There was difficulty in interpreting many of the studies included in this meta-analysis, in view of the non-standardization of protocol, especially the ability range of the cohort, duration of the study, recommended exercises, whether the caregivers or researchers supervised the exercise regime\/activity, and the practicality of continuing the exercise long-term by caregivers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identifier, CRD42024541300.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1438786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T20:55:54Z","timestamp":1723755354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The impact of the physical activity intervention on sleep in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weicheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiubo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5: American psychiatric association","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Estimated prevalence of children with diagnosed developmental disabilities in the United States, 2014\u20132016","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2019.02.002","article-title":"Effects of sleep restriction on metabolism-related parameters in healthy adults: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"45","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.06.010","article-title":"Sleep disturbances increase the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2020.09.002","article-title":"Risk factors for sleep disturbance in patients with cervical myelopathy and its clinical significance: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1846","article-title":"Sleep: a health imperative","volume":"35","author":"Luyster","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.12.005","article-title":"Sleep and emotional processing","volume":"40","author":"Tempesta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15485","article-title":"Current ideas about the roles of rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep in brain development","volume":"110","author":"Knoop","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2762","article-title":"The memory function of sleep","volume":"11","author":"Diekelmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.05.001","article-title":"REM sleep and memory","volume":"44","author":"Boyce","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000314","article-title":"Slow wave and REM sleep deprivation effects on explicit and implicit memory during sleep","volume":"30","author":"Casey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0820-16.2017","article-title":"Sleep Is for Forgetting","volume":"37","author":"Poe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138581","article-title":"Odor cues during slow-wave sleep prompt declarative memory consolidation","volume":"315","author":"Rasch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3152","article-title":"Cued memory reactivation during sleep influences skill learning","volume":"15","author":"Antony","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3762","article-title":"Memory reactivation during rapid eye movement sleep promotes its generalization and integration in cortical stores","volume":"37","author":"Sterpenich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-013-0430-8","article-title":"Differential effects of non-REM and REM sleep on memory consolidation?","volume":"14","author":"Ackermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-017-0782-x","article-title":"Sleep in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"19","author":"Souders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-6-18","article-title":"Insomnia in school-age children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism","volume":"6","author":"Allik","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S98","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2851H","article-title":"Sleep difficulties and medications in children with autism spectrum disorders: a registry study","volume":"137","author":"Malow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2010.01.010","article-title":"Sleep in children with autistic spectrum disorder","volume":"11","author":"Cortesi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.02.003","article-title":"Sleep problems in autism spectrum disorders: prevalence, nature, & possible biopsychosocial aetiologies","volume":"13","author":"Richdale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S85650","article-title":"Impact of aerobic exercise on sleep and motor skills in children with autism spectrum disorders \u2013 a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Brand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.52547\/jcmh.7.4.8","article-title":"The effect of kata techniques training on sleep habits in boys with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"7","author":"AdibSaber","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Child Mental Health"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361318823910","article-title":"Examining the impact of physical activity on sleep quality and executive functions in children with autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Tse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"ref25","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1177\/13623613211062952","article-title":"Effects of exercise on sleep, melatonin level, and behavioral functioning in children with autism","volume":"26","author":"Tse","year":"2022","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"151","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1977"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement","volume":"4","author":"Moher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/183335839902800410","article-title":"PEDro: a database of randomised controlled trials in physiotherapy","volume":"28","author":"Herbert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Inf Manag"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01545-3","article-title":"The effects of exercise interventions on executive functions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01135-6","article-title":"The impact of exercise interventions concerning executive functions of children and adolescents with attention-deficit\/hyperactive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/83.8.713","article-title":"Reliability of the PEDro scale for rating quality of randomized controlled trials","volume":"83","author":"Maher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.066357","article-title":"Ten years of evidence to guide physiotherapy interventions: physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro)","volume":"44","author":"Sherrington","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br Assoc Sport Excerc Med"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.14235\/bas.galenos.2021.6090","article-title":"Sleep habits and quality of life of intellectually disabled children with and without regular physical activity","volume":"10","author":"Gudek Seferoglu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bezmialem Sci"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1177\/10870547231171723","article-title":"Examining the impact of physical activity on sleep quality in children with ADHD","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Atten Disord"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"VC01","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/25894.9502","article-title":"Efficacy of structured yoga intervention for sleep, gastrointestinal and behaviour problems of ASD children: an exploratory study","volume":"11","author":"Narasingharao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-023-06172-7","article-title":"Comparing the effectiveness of physical exercise intervention and melatonin supplement in improving sleep quality in children with ASD","author":"Tse","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.03.045","article-title":"The effect of water-based intervention on sleep habits and two sleep-related cytokines in children with autism","volume":"82","author":"Ansari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1177\/1088357614559212","article-title":"The impact of aquatic exercise on sleep Behaviors in children with autism Spectrum disorder","volume":"31","author":"Oriel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Focus Autism Other Dev Disabil"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1027799","article-title":"Exercise improves the social and behavioral skills of children and adolescent with autism spectrum disorders. Frontiers","volume":"13","author":"Toscano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2023.11.031","article-title":"Effects of a family judo program on sleep quality in youth with autism Spectrum disorder","volume":"115","author":"Garcia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.18666\/TRJ-2022-V56-I4-11554","article-title":"Exploring the effects of swimming on sleep Behaviors of children with autism Spectrum disorder using single-subject design","volume":"56","author":"Lawson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther Recreat J"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.18666\/TRJ-2017-V51-I2-7899","article-title":"Feasibility of a swimming intervention to improve sleep Behaviors of children with autism Spectrum disorder","volume":"51","author":"Lawson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Recreat J"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318187a7b0","article-title":"Self-reported and measured sleep duration: how similar are they?","volume":"19","author":"Lauderdale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental-2018-300037","article-title":"Sleep in youth with autism spectrum disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis of subjective and objective studies","volume":"21","author":"D\u00edaz-Rom\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Mental Health"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2336129","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.36129","article-title":"Age-related differences in accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sleep parameters among children and adolescents with and without autism Spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000140","article-title":"Sleep differences among children with autism spectrum disorders and typically developing peers: a meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Elrod","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"ref50","author":"Kuang Dongqing","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52255.x","article-title":"Tai chi and self-rated quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness in older adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.06.025","article-title":"Effect of different types of exercise on sleep quality of elderly subjects","volume":"25","author":"Bonardi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e020944","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020944","article-title":"Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial examining the association between physical activity and sleep quality in children with autism spectrum disorder based on the melatonin-mediated mechanism model","volume":"8","author":"Tse","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref54","volume-title":"WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2020.101147","article-title":"Accelerometer-measured physical activity levels in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1728","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.202345","article-title":"How should we move for health? The case for the 24-hour movement paradigm","volume":"192","author":"Tremblay","year":"2020","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1177\/1559827610375532","article-title":"Exercise as a treatment to enhance sleep","volume":"4","author":"Buman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Lifestyle Med"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-014-2873-2","article-title":"Sleep onset is disrupted following pre-sleep exercise that causes large physiological excitement at bedtime","volume":"114","author":"Oda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"287","article-title":"Associations between sleep loss and increased risk of obesity and diabetes","volume-title":"Molecular and Biophysical Mechanisms of Arousal, Alertness, and Attention. Ann N Y Acad Sci","author":"Knutson","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00874.x","article-title":"Effects of vigorous late-night exercise on sleep quality and cardiac autonomic activity","volume":"20","author":"Myllym\u00e4ki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-015-9617-6","article-title":"The effects of physical activity on sleep: a meta-analytic review","volume":"38","author":"Kredlow","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1317","article-title":"Reduced serotonin receptor subtypes in a limbic and a neocortical region in autism","volume":"6","author":"Oblak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autism Res"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2006.11.003","article-title":"High impact running improves learning","volume":"87","author":"Winter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054712454192","article-title":"Exercise: applications to childhood ADHD","volume":"17","author":"Wigal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Atten Disord"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2298","article-title":"Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition","volume":"9","author":"Hillman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.08.026","article-title":"The neuropsychopharmacology of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"57","author":"Pliszka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2013.11.001","article-title":"Acute exercise facilitates brain function and cognition in children who need it most: an ERP study of individual differences in inhibitory control capacity","volume":"7","author":"Drollette","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2017.06.002","article-title":"Are circadian rhythms new pathways to understand autism Spectrum disorder?","volume":"110","author":"Geoffray","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.04.013","article-title":"Day and nighttime excretion of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin in adolescents and young adults with autistic disorder","volume":"37","author":"Tordjman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-016-0109-5","article-title":"Urinary metabolomics of young Italian autistic children supports abnormal tryptophan and purine metabolism","volume":"7","author":"Gevi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Autism"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.4149\/BLL_2019_141","article-title":"Urinary levels of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and their associations with sleep disorders and behavioural impairments in children with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"120","author":"Babinska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bratisl Med J"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018-0073","article-title":"Influence of exercise time of day on salivary melatonin responses","volume":"14","author":"Carlson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1438786\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T20:56:01Z","timestamp":1723755361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1438786\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"references-count":72,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2024.1438786"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1438786","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"article-number":"1438786"}}