{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:20:28Z","timestamp":1787026828559,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epilepsy, a common neurological disorder, has been increasingly associated with neuroinflammation, especially microglia activation. To gain insights into the research trends and patterns in this intersection, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of studies published between 2005 and 2024. Using the Web of Science Core Collection, we identified 1,229 relevant articles and reviews, focusing on the relationship between epilepsy and microglia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed the Bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer to analyze the data. Our search strategy combined epilepsy-related terms with microglia and microglial cell keywords. The analysis encompassed publication trends, country and institutional contributions, journal sources, authors, keywords, and thematic evolution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The number of publications has steadily increased, particularly after 2019, indicating growing research interest. The United States, China, and Germany emerged as the most productive countries, with extensive collaboration between China and the United States. Epilepsia and Journal of Neuroinflammation were the most influential journals. Aronica E, Vezzani A, and Engel T were the most prolific authors. Thematic analysis revealed clusters focused on temporal lobe epilepsy, epilepsy-related disorders, and microglia activation. Over the past several years, research has shifted from fundamental brain function studies to\n                      <jats:italic>in-vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      investigations of specific molecular mechanisms. The CSTB (\u2212) mouse model and NF-\u03baB signaling pathway both merit further in-depth investigation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, this bibliometric study reveals a surge in epilepsy-microglia research, led by key countries, journals, and researchers. Temporal lobe epilepsy, epilepsy-related disorders, and microglia activation are focal themes. Future directions include exploring microglia activation mechanisms, utilizing animal models, and interdisciplinary approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1439823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T00:56:45Z","timestamp":1728435405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bibliometric analysis of the interplay between epilepsy and microglia: trends, hotspots, and emerging research areas"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Shouye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01024","article-title":"Interaction of microglia and astrocytes in the neurovascular unit","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6709","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9593-4","article-title":"Microglia-mediated inflammation and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"53","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0217-x","article-title":"Neuroinflammatory pathways as treatment targets and biomarkers in epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"Vezzani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2020.09.003","article-title":"Microglia modulate the structure and function of the Hippocampus after early-life seizures","volume":"144","author":"Andoh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1093\/rev\/3.3.151","article-title":"Advanced bibliometric methods to assess research performance and scientific development: basic principles and recent practical applications","volume":"3","author":"van Raan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Res Eval"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-015-1645-z","article-title":"The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: how great is the impact?","volume":"105","author":"Ellegaard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-09785-5_8","article-title":"The use of Bibliometrics for assessing research: possibilities, limitations and adverse effects","volume-title":"Incentives and performance: Governance of research organizations","author":"Haustein","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4337\/9780857932402.00019","volume-title":"Bibliometrics as a tool for research evaluation","author":"Hicks","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Bibliometrix: an R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis","author":"Aria","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16569","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507655102","article-title":"An index to quantify an Individual's scientific research output","volume":"102","author":"Hirsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Ences U S A"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-007-1886-6","article-title":"The influence of self-citation corrections on Egghe's G index","volume":"76","author":"Michael","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1108\/00330330610681286","article-title":"An algorithm for suffix stripping","volume":"40","author":"Porter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Program"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.11.002","article-title":"Resting state functional network disruptions in a Kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"13","author":"Gill","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13020170","article-title":"The roles of cystatin B in the brain and pathophysiological mechanisms of progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1","volume":"13","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89321","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089321","article-title":"Gene expression alterations in the cerebellum and granule neurons of Cstb(\u2212\/\u2212) mouse are associated with early synaptic changes and inflammation","volume":"9","author":"Joensuu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032727","article-title":"Retinal tissue shows glial changes in a Dravet syndrome Knock-in mouse model","volume":"24","author":"Salazar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23006","article-title":"Microglia-neuron communication in epilepsy","volume":"65","author":"Eyo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/cells7040026","article-title":"Microglia after seizures and in epilepsy","volume":"7","author":"Hiragi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8122170","article-title":"Synaptic pruning by microglia in epilepsy","volume":"8","author":"Andoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200003)47:3<336::AID-ANA9>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Prolonged febrile seizures in the immature rat model enhance hippocampal excitability long term","volume":"47","author":"Dube","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.10089","article-title":"Mossy Fiber plasticity and enhanced hippocampal excitability, without hippocampal cell loss or altered neurogenesis, in an animal model of prolonged febrile seizures","volume":"13","author":"Bender","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2018.1465410","article-title":"Oxidative stress in epilepsy","volume":"18","author":"Geronzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz130","article-title":"Targeting oxidative stress improves disease outcomes in a rat model of acquired epilepsy","volume":"142","author":"Pauletti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10101437","article-title":"The dichotomous role of inflammation in the Cns: a mitochondrial point of view","volume":"10","author":"Vezzani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomol Ther"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112990","article-title":"Microglia and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"23","author":"Merighi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2016-000012","article-title":"Neurotransmitter receptors on microglia","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.04.001","article-title":"Regulation of microglia by glutamate and its signal pathway in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00140.x","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines and related genes are induced in the rat Hippocampus by limbic status epilepticus","volume":"12","author":"De Simoni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2003.08.001","article-title":"Glia activation and cytokine increase in rat Hippocampus by Kainic acid-induced status epilepticus during postnatal development","volume":"14","author":"Rizzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-328x(99)00306-x","article-title":"Kindling modulates the Il-1beta system, Tnf-alpha, Tgf-Beta1, and neuropeptide Mrnas in specific brain regions","volume":"75","author":"Plata-Salam\u00e1n","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2017.08.009","article-title":"Scavenging reactive oxygen species inhibits status epilepticus-induced Neuroinflammation","volume":"298","author":"McElroy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.07.011","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species in status epilepticus","volume":"101","author":"Shekh-Ahmad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926776","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.926776","article-title":"Distinct cell-specific roles of Nox2 and Myd88 in Epileptogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Almeida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.52","article-title":"The non-canonical Nf-\u039ab pathway in immunity and inflammation","volume":"17","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851394","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.851394","article-title":"The function of Nf-kappa B during epilepsy, a potential therapeutic target","volume":"16","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlac111","article-title":"Microglial activation and over pruning involved in developmental epilepsy","volume":"82","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823908","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.823908","article-title":"The role of the negative regulation of microglia-mediated Neuroinflammation in improving emotional behavior after epileptic seizures","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03290-2","article-title":"Tgf-\u0392 activated kinase 1 (Tak1) is activated in microglia after experimental epilepsy and contributes to Epileptogenesis","volume":"60","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1439823\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T09:45:31Z","timestamp":1730281531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1439823\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2024.1439823"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2024.1439823","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"article-number":"1439823"}}