{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T23:04:34Z","timestamp":1794006274077,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the contribution of ultrasound in diagnosing occupational carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), compare it with electromyography (EMG) results, and evaluate the ultrasound characteristics of CTS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A nine-month cross-sectional study (January\u2013September 2021) involved CTS patients and a control group, utilizing a structured form for data collection. EMG was performed on the patient group (\u2018cases\u2019) and ultrasound examinations were conducted on both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 44 cases and 30 controls, CTS patients (mean age 44.9\u202fyears) exhibited predominantly bilateral symptoms (90.9%). The optimal cross-sectional area (CSA) threshold for diagnosis was 10.3\u202fmm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (89% sensitivity, 84% specificity). Significant differences in ultrasound criteria were observed between patient and control groups, including the \u201cnotch sign\u201d (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.012), hypoechoic appearance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.016), and reduced median nerve mobility (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.021). Quantitatively, CSA (13.7\u202fmm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      vs. 7.4\u202fmm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), flattening ratio (3.3 vs. 2.1), and retinaculum bulging (3.2\u202fmm vs. 1.9\u202fmm) significantly differed between cases and controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.0019, 0.025, and 0.01, respectively). Positive Phalen tests correlated with higher CSA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.005) and retinacular bulging (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.02). CSA correlated with EMG parameters, indicating slower conduction velocities, lower amplitudes, and longer latencies (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f10^(\u22123),\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.56, \u22120.62, \u22120.36, and \u22120.68, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights ultrasound\u2019s diagnostic potential for CTS, particularly in occupational settings. Its non-invasiveness and reliability advocate for its integration into routine diagnostic protocols, supporting evidence-based management strategies. Further research is needed to explore long-term efficacy and broader applicability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1490873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:17:30Z","timestamp":1733876250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exploring ultrasound and electromyography for carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis: a comprehensive comparative study and implications for occupational medicine"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Salem","family":"Braham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amen","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa","family":"Bouhoula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nihel","family":"Ben Meriem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichraf","family":"Annen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghazi","family":"Sakly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Chouchane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malek","family":"Ben Abdelkader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Aloui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Im\u00e8ne","family":"Kacem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maher","family":"Maoua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houda","family":"Kalboussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olfa","family":"Elmaalel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houda","family":"Mhabrech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souheil","family":"Chatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aicha","family":"Brahem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-020-00460-z","article-title":"Carpal tunnel sonography","volume":"23","author":"Gervasio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rboe.2014.08.001","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome \u2013 part I (anatomy, physiology, etiology and diagnosis)","volume":"49","author":"Chammas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ortop Engl Ed"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e888","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.888","article-title":"Work-relatedness of carpal tunnel syndrome: systematic review including meta-analysis and GRADE","volume":"5","author":"Hassan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref4","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22048","article-title":"Prevalence and work-relatedness of carpal tunnel syndrome in the working population, United States, 2010 national health interview survey","volume":"56","author":"Luckhaupt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Evolution et tendances des troubles musculo-squelettiques Evolution et tendances des TMS du membre sup\u00e9rieur reconnus par la CNAM dans la r\u00e9gion du centre Tunisien","author":"Brahem","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"88","article-title":"Le Syndrome du Canal Carpien d\u2019origine Professionnelle. 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