{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T13:40:20Z","timestamp":1772113220325,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to evaluate the impact of short-term tinnitus treatment on cognitive function and identify the effects of various treatment combinations on cognitive and tinnitus outcomes. A non-randomized prospective study was conducted with 32 tinnitus patients at a tertiary university hospital between May 2022 and May 2024. Patients received treatments, including neuromodulation, diuretics, gabapentin, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), anxiolytics, muscle relaxants, hearing aids, and counseling. Cognitive function and tinnitus distress were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) at baseline and 1\u202fmonth after treatment. Quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) recordings were analyzed to evaluate changes in neural synchronization using phase-locking value (PLV). Strong correlations were also observed between baseline MMSE and changes in MMSE post-treatment (r\u202f=\u202f\u22120.796, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01) and between tinnitus loudness perception and changes in MMSE (r\u202f=\u202f0.458, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01). After Bonferroni correction, muscle relaxants (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u202f0.017) and neuromodulation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u202f0.007) showed significant negative effects on cognitive function, while anxiolytics demonstrated a tendency for negative effects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u202f0.052). Additionally, neither baseline tinnitus loudness nor changes in loudness perception (\u0394VAS for loudness) were significantly correlated with \u0394THI after Bonferroni correction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt;\u202f0.05). qEEG analysis showed increased PLV in prefrontal-limbic and parietal-occipital connections in patients with improved THI as well as increased PLV in temporal-limbic connections in patients with improved MMSE scores, indicating enhanced neural synchronization and cognitive resource reorganization. These findings underscore the need for careful consideration of cognitive effects when selecting tinnitus treatments and highlight the importance of targeted multimodal interventions to address both tinnitus distress and cognitive function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1478033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T05:13:48Z","timestamp":1740546828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of short-term tinnitus treatment on cognitive function and neural synchronization"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ho Yun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Ho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Wan","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21801","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78571-0","article-title":"Gray matter declines with age and hearing loss, but is partially maintained in tinnitus","volume":"10","author":"Koops","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073149","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.1073149","article-title":"Tinnitus is associated with improved cognitive performance and speech perception-can stochastic resonance explain?","volume":"14","author":"Schilling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.01.027","article-title":"Tinnitus: does gain explain?","volume":"407","author":"Sedley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69243-0","article-title":"Tinnitus and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease: a retrospective Nationwide population-based cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Chu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92802-y","article-title":"Risk of early-onset dementia among persons with tinnitus: a retrospective case-control study","volume":"11","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2205109","article-title":"Which came first, age-related hearing loss with tinnitus or cognitive impairment? 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