{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:08:56Z","timestamp":1781712536351,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in detecting dysphagia and to compare it with other diagnostic methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. The literature was searched in multiple databases, including the Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Registry (a global database of controlled trials); MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science (biomedical, pharmacological, and multidisciplinary citation databases, respectively); CINAHL (focusing on nursing and allied health research); and Chinese databases including Wanfang Data, CNKI, and VIP (covering academic, scholarly, and scientific-technical literature). Only articles published in the English and Chinese languages were included. Studies were eligible if they compared the accuracy of ultrasound testing with that of other diagnostic methods in dysphagia patients. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) criteria (a tool for evaluating bias risk in diagnostic accuracy studies) were used to assess the risk of bias following standard procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included eight studies involving a total of 538 patients with dysphagia: seven trials for post-stroke dysphagia and one trial for dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy. The combined results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 0.81 (95% CI 0.73\u20130.87) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.76\u20130.93), suggesting that the diagnostic performance of ultrasound is reliable for detecting dysphagia in patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1534173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T05:29:01Z","timestamp":1755754141000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for dysphagia in neurological disorders including stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Liu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongxue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dai","family":"Shuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Shuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Dysphagia: evaluation and collaborative management","volume":"103","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2021.05.013","article-title":"Dysphagia and swallowing disorders","volume":"105","author":"McCarty","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1159\/000444636","article-title":"Expanding instrumental options for dysphagia diagnosis and research: ultrasound and manometry","volume":"67","author":"Huckabee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Folia Phoniatr Logop"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12584","article-title":"Utility of ultrasound in the assessment of swallowing and laryngeal function: a rapid review and critical appraisal of the literature","volume":"56","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Lang Commun Disord"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184.ch2","article-title":"Preparing a Cochrane review","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"Green","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119756194.ch2","article-title":"Evaluating medical tests","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy","author":"Deeks","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2021210051","article-title":"Fluoroscopic swallowing examination: radiologic findings and analysis of their causes and pathophysiologic mechanisms","volume":"41","author":"Carbo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119756194","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy","author":"Deeks","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.02.022","article-title":"Bivariate analysis of sensitivity and specificity produces informative summary measures in diagnostic reviews","volume":"58","author":"Reitsma","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7458.168","article-title":"Diagnostic tests 4: likelihood ratios","volume":"329","author":"Deeks","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref12","volume-title":"Experimental study on the diagnostic value of ultrasound for dysphagia","author":"Li","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2017.06.007","article-title":"Application of ultrasonic examination in the assessment of oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"39","author":"Xiong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"Clinical study on the detection of tongue movement in post-stroke dysphagia patients by B-mode ultrasound [D]","author":"Su","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.04.017","article-title":"Application of ultrasonography in assessing oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke patients","volume":"38","author":"Hsiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0248770","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248770","article-title":"Detection of poststroke oropharyngeal dysphagia with swallowing screening by ultrasonography","volume":"16","author":"Matsuo","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1008-1070.2020.18.015","article-title":"The value of ultrasonic measurement of yoyo-thyroid cartilage distance in the evaluation of swallowing dysfunction after stroke","volume":"23","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen Med China"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1005-5185.2023.12.005","article-title":"Value of ultrasonographic measurement of hyoid-laryngeal movement ratio in evaluating pharyngeal dysphagia in stroke patients","volume":"31","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin J Med Imaging"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2011.00603.x","article-title":"A new ultrasound method for evaluating dysphagia in acute stroke patients","volume":"1","author":"Tomii","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.11.049","article-title":"Initial psychometric assessment of a functional Oral intake scale for dysphagia in stroke patients","volume":"86","author":"Crary","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.195","article-title":"Oesophageal dysphagia: manifestations and diagnosis","volume":"12","author":"Zerbib","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2023.154447","article-title":"Protocols and assessment procedures in fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing: an updated systematic review","volume":"88","author":"Prikladnicki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2023.154447","article-title":"Management of swallowing disorders in ICU patients - a multinational expert opinion","volume":"79","author":"Likar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4529","DOI":"10.3390\/s20164529","article-title":"Development of an ultrasonic Doppler sensor-based swallowing monitoring and assessment system","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708102","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2021.708102","article-title":"Emerging role of ultrasound in dysphagia assessment and intervention: a narrative review","volume":"2","author":"Hsiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Rehabil Sci"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000708","article-title":"Ultrasound: an emerging modality for the dysphagia assessment toolkit?","volume":"29","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13149","article-title":"Diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound for sarcopenia diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.1164","article-title":"The effectiveness of ultrasound-guided injection of BTX-A in the management of sialorrhea in neurogenic dysphagia patients","volume":"8","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.3390\/s22010335","article-title":"Ultrasound echogenicity as an Indicator of muscle fatigue during functional electrical stimulation","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20220002","DOI":"10.1590\/2317-1782\/20232022002","article-title":"Abordagem quantitativa por ultrassonografia para an\u00e1lise do movimento do osso hioide durante a degluti\u00e7\u00e3o: revis\u00e3o integrativa","volume":"35","author":"Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2023","journal-title":"CoDAS"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1590\/S2317-17822014000600006","article-title":"Ultrasound applicability in speech-language pathology and audiology","volume":"26","author":"Barberena","year":"2014","journal-title":"CoDAS"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12396","DOI":"10.1111\/jjns.12396","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound examination in detecting aspiration and pharyngeal residue in patients with dysphagia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Miura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jpn J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3560","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15163560","article-title":"Ultrasonography for eating and swallowing assessment: a narrative review of integrated insights for noninvasive clinical practice","volume":"15","author":"Maeda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2018.42.4.551","article-title":"Influence of nasogastric tubes on swallowing in stroke patients: measuring hyoid bone movement with ultrasonography","volume":"42","author":"Kwak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.02.023","article-title":"Espen guideline clinical nutrition in neurology","volume":"37","author":"Burgos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01800-0","article-title":"A fully integrated wearable ultrasound system to monitor deep tissues in moving subjects","volume":"42","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s42247-020-00047-0","article-title":"Ultrasonic inspection of composites materials: application to detect impact damage","volume":"4","author":"Papa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Lightweight Mater Manuf"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2025.1534173\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T05:29:04Z","timestamp":1755754144000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2025.1534173\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2025.1534173"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2025.1534173","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"article-number":"1534173"}}