{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T04:07:00Z","timestamp":1751688420242,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to investigate the association of Fc receptor-like 3 (<jats:italic>FCRL3<\/jats:italic>) gene variants with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in a Chinese population cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Stage 1, 154 MS patients, 109 NMOSD patients, and 301 normal controls were recruited, Sequenom MassARRAY technology was used for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Stage 2 involved an independent cohort of 95 MS patients, 139 NMOSD patients, and 226 normal controls. Two <jats:italic>FCRL3<\/jats:italic> SNPs (rs7528684 and rs11264799) were determined using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allele C of rs7528684 emerged as a protective factor for MS. Allele A of rs11264799 exhibited no significant effect on MS or NMOSD. A notable disparity in rs7528684 genotype distribution was observed between oligoclonal band (OCB)-positive and OCB-negative MS patients. Allele C of rs7528684 exhibited an association with OCB-positive MS patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings suggest that the <jats:italic>FCRL3<\/jats:italic> variant (rs7528684) is associated with MS rather than NMOSD. <jats:italic>FCRL3<\/jats:italic> might significantly contribute to OCB synthesis, while the underlying mechanisms warrant further elucidation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1552149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T09:24:58Z","timestamp":1751621098000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["FCRL3 genetic variants drive autoimmune pathogenesis in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hui-Fen","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi-Bing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Feng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gui-Xian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai-Peng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000328","article-title":"Demyelinating 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