{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:22:20Z","timestamp":1787026940764,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-two patients underwent permanent SCS implantation and completed a 6-month post-operative follow-up. The primary endpoint was patient amputation rate, and secondary endpoints included Quality of Life (QOL LC V2.0) scale, pain visual analogue scale (VAS), limb nerve conduction velocity, latency and amplitude, and vibration perception threshold (VPT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, QOL LC V2.0 and VAS scores were significantly improved at 6\u202fmonths postoperatively compared to preoperatively (24.74%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05; 71.87%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). Compared with the median and ulnar nerves of the upper extremity peripheral nerves, the conduction velocities of the common peroneal, sural, superficial peroneal and tibial nerves of the lower extremity peripheral nerves were increased (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05), the latency was significantly shortened (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) and the amplitude was significantly increased (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) at 6\u202fmonths after surgery. Compared to the dorsum of the hand, VPTs were significantly lower in the first toe and dorsum of the foot at 6\u202fmonths postoperatively compared to preoperatively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). The overall amputation rate was 8.69%, with 3.26% for major amputation (above the ankle) and 5.43% for minor amputation (below the ankle).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SCS can effectively relieve lower limb pain in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, repair lower limb peripheral nerves, improve patients\u2019 quality of life, and reduce amputation rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1619851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T04:10:28Z","timestamp":1755749428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Retrospective analysis of the clinical effect of spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Dongqiang","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenxing","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeqing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guitong","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67698-2","article-title":"The global burden of diabetic foot disease","volume":"366","author":"Boulton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Global report on diabetes","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.2.217","article-title":"Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes","volume":"293","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e008544","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008544","article-title":"Prevalence of foot disease and risk factors in general inpatient populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Lazzarini","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734614564867","article-title":"Epidemiology of type 2 diabetic foot problems and predictive factors for amputation in China","volume":"14","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association","volume":"40","author":"Pop-Busui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182166ebe","article-title":"Evidence-based guideline: treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy: report of the American Academy of Neurology, the American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine, and the American Academy of physical medicine and rehabilitation [published correction appears in neurology. 2011;77(6):603. 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