{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T05:08:41Z","timestamp":1780463321172,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate whether Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain, and Safety (6S) refined individualized nursing management improves perioperative outcomes in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This single-center retrospective cohort study included 96 patients with PD who underwent DBS in our hospital from January 2022 to June 2025. According to the perioperative nursing model implemented during the study period, patients were allocated to either a control group (CG) receiving routine perioperative nursing (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f48) or a study group (SG) receiving 6S refined individualized nursing management in addition to routine care (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f48). We compared the operation time, time to first ambulation, postoperative length of stay (LOS), anxiety and depression [self-rating Anxiety Scale \/ Self-rating Depression Scale (SAS\/SDS)], pain [visual analog scale (VAS)], balance [Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment (POMA)], activities of daily living (Barthel index), complication rates, and nursing satisfaction between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to the control group, the study group had a shorter time to first ambulation (13.41\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.51 vs. 14.89\u202f\u00b1\u202f2.74\u202fh) and a shorter postoperative LOS (10.34\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.71 vs. 11.22\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.95\u202fdays). After nursing, SAS scores were lower in the study group compared to the control group (21.52\u202f\u00b1\u202f2.15 vs. 30.25\u202f\u00b1\u202f3.06), as well as lower SDS scores (20.25\u202f\u00b1\u202f2.04 vs. 30.26\u202f\u00b1\u202f3.05). Postoperative VAS pain grades were consistently lower in the study group, for example, at 24\u202fh after surgery (1.21\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.12 vs. 2.05\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.21). POMA scores and Barthel index values at discharge were higher in the study group compared to the control group (17.42\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.75 vs. 15.26\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.53 and 63.58\u202f\u00b1\u202f6.45 vs. 60.25\u202f\u00b1\u202f6.05, respectively). The incidence of nursing-recorded complications was lower in the study group than in the control group (2.1% vs. 14.6%), and overall nursing satisfaction was higher as well (97.9% vs. 83.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single-center retrospective cohort, 6S refined individualized nursing management was associated with faster postoperative recovery, reduced anxiety and depression, improved balance ability and activities of daily living, and fewer nursing-recorded perioperative complications in PD patients undergoing DBS. These findings should be regarded supportive but preliminary, and they require confirmation through larger prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1671449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:52:58Z","timestamp":1780462378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of 6S refined individualized nursing management in the perioperative period of Parkinson\u2019s disease patients undergoing deep brain stimulation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yunhui","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Disinfection Supply Center, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disinfection Supply Center, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disinfection Supply Center, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disinfection Supply Center, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghua","family":"Bei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujing","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.03.001","article-title":"Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism","volume":"132","author":"Hayes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28762","article-title":"Prevalence of Parkinson's disease: a community-based study in China","volume":"36","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov 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