{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T10:08:07Z","timestamp":1771927687073,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used for symptom monitoring and care delivery, yet their prognostic value for identifying patients at higher risk for mortality in neurological populations is unclear. This systematic review evaluated whether PROMs predict mortality and\/or survival in adults with neurological conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (January 2002\u2013November 2024) for studies incorporating PROMs into mortality or survival prediction models across 10 neurological conditions: motor neuron disease, diabetic neuropathy, nervous system cancers, Alzheimer\u2019s and other dementias, Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome, epilepsy, headache, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and stroke. Screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment followed the CHARMS and PRISMA guidelines. Findings were descriptively summarized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 6,218 abstracts reviewed, 49 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most evaluated stroke (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u202f=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f16), nervous system cancers (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u202f=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f14), or motor neuron disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u202f=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f9). None evaluated headache, diabetic neuropathy, Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome, or epilepsy. Of the included studies, 26 used generic PROMs, 19 used condition-specific PROMs, and 4 included both. Across conditions, PROMs independently predicted mortality in three-quarters of studies, with the strongest evidence observed in nervous system cancers and motor neuron disease. By instruments, EORTC QLQ in brain cancers and SF-36 in stroke showed the most consistent prognostic utility. Among studies with mixed findings by domain, physical health components were more likely to predict mortality than emotional components.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROMs independently predict mortality in several neurological conditions, though prognostic value varied by condition and instrument type. Future studies should evaluate their additive value and feasibility for integration into prognostic models in routine care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1705393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T06:46:07Z","timestamp":1769582767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Can patient-reported outcome measures predict mortality in neurological populations? A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hyunjun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LaDonna","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Floyd D. Loop Alumni Library, Cleveland Clinic","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Katzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebrovascular Center Neurological Institute","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittany","family":"Lapin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(24)00038-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"23","author":"Steinmetz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-023-08380-4","article-title":"Health-related quality of life scores and values as predictors of mortality: a scoping review","volume":"38","author":"Nevarez-Flores","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X8300300403","article-title":"The Markov process in medical prognosis","volume":"3","author":"Beck","year":"1983","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-008-9430-6","article-title":"The applications of PROs in clinical practice: what are they, do they work, and why?","volume":"18","author":"Greenhalgh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69398","DOI":"10.2196\/69398","article-title":"Sustainability and time trends in electronic patient-reported outcome assessment in routine Cancer care: systematic scoping review and follow-up survey","volume":"27","author":"Hubel","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv181","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes in routine cancer clinical practice: a scoping review of use, impact on health outcomes, and implementation factors","volume":"26","author":"Howell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3885","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07631-0","article-title":"Adoption of patient-reported outcomes by health systems and physician practices in the USA","volume":"37","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-024-00478-2","article-title":"The importance of patient reported outcomes in oncology clinical trials and clinical practice to inform regulatory and healthcare -making","volume":"24","author":"Bellino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1427","article-title":"The use of patient-reported outcomes in routine cancer care: preliminary insights from a multinational scoping survey of oncology practitioners","volume":"30","author":"Cheung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e018794","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.018794","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes predict future emergency department visits and hospital admissions in patients with stroke","volume":"10","author":"Katzan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3342","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.3342","article-title":"Usage and impact of patient-reported outcomes in epilepsy","volume":"13","author":"Vonck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-024-03638-8","article-title":"Can prediction models for hospital readmission be improved by incorporating patient-reported outcome measures? 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