{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:12:30Z","timestamp":1779340350160,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Internet-based medical and health services can help patients better manage chronic conditions. This study aimed to investigate the current usage, influencing factors, and needs of Internet medical health services among myasthenia gravis (MG) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a convenience sampling approach, 160 patients with myasthenia gravis who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between February and June 2023 were recruited. Participants' baseline characteristics, current status of medical health service use, and demand for Internet medical health service and Internet disease health management services were assessed. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests, and binary logistic regression were used to examine service utilization and the factors influencing it.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 165 questionnaires were distributed, and 160 valid questionnaires were included. Among the 160 MG patients, 105 (65.6%) were women, and 45.0% were aged \u2264 39 years. The majority of MG patients had used Internet medical health services, but their frequency of use was low. Age and privacy concerns were identified as risk factors, whereas educational level and operational convenience (ease of use) of Internet medical health service software were protective factors. MG patients reported a high demand for online appointment booking (87.5%), knowledge inquiry (78.8%), and online consultation (73.1%). The top three Internet disease management services were medication management (80.0%), symptom management (77.5%), and lifestyle management (73.1%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MG patients demonstrated a high willingness to use Internet-based medical and health services. However, owing to operational difficulties, privacy concerns, insufficient trust, and other barriers, MG patients have not yet fully utilized these services. Internet medical health services should prioritize highly expected functions and provide information-rich content that is easy to use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1707064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:51:28Z","timestamp":1779339088000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Current status of Internet medical health service usage behavior and demand of myasthenia gravis patients: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaoyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinxian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hailing","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yining","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553626","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.553626","article-title":"Determinants of quality of life in myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"11","author":"Szczudlik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00297-0","article-title":"Epidemiology, diagnostics, and biomarkers of autoimmune neuromuscular junction disorders","volume":"21","author":"Punga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5651-z","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: a changing pattern of incidence","volume":"257","author":"Casetta","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e210005","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000210005","article-title":"Epidemiologic study of myasthenia gravis in the elderly US population: a longitudinal analysis of the medicare claims database, 2006-2019","volume":"103","author":"Bruckman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10891-1","article-title":"Burden of disease in myasthenia gravis: taking the patient's perspective","volume":"269","author":"Lehnerer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"961","article-title":"Action plan for further improvement of nursing services (2023-2025)","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Nurs Manag"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3951","article-title":"Impact of mHealth chronic disease management on treatment adherence and patient outcomes: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Hamine","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-025-01692-0","article-title":"Digital health technology in diabetes management in the Asia-Pacific region: a narrative review of the current scenario and future outlook","volume":"16","author":"Gardner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-024-02135-2","article-title":"Effectiveness of mobile health intervention in medication adherence: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Syst."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55757","DOI":"10.2196\/55757","article-title":"Digital interventions for self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Kerr","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2400205","DOI":"10.1200\/CCI-24-00205","article-title":"Can digital health improve therapeutic compliance in oncology?","volume":"8","author":"Heudel","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCO Clin Cancer Inform."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.11.037","article-title":"The relationships between health anxiety, online health information seeking, and cyberchondria: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"245","author":"McMullan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076571","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1076571","article-title":"Online health information seeking and the association with anxiety among older adults","volume":"11","author":"Schuster","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X18775852","article-title":"Impact of patient-centred home telehealth programme on outcomes in heart failure","volume":"25","author":"Srivastava","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21760-1","article-title":"Spatiotemporal effect of internet use on life expectancy: cross-country insight from a geographically and temporally weighted analysis","volume":"25","author":"Pu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD011425","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011425.pub2","article-title":"Computer and mobile technology interventions for self-management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"5","author":"McCabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e97","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.4883","article-title":"The effectiveness of self-management mobile phone and tablet apps in long-term condition management: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Whitehead","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.18502\/cjn.v22i1.12615","article-title":"Stability monitoring of patients with myasthenia gravis using a mobile-based application","volume":"22","author":"Alaei Tafti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr J Neurol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71340","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71340","article-title":"Development of a mobile application for the self-management of spinal cord injury patients: identification and analysis of key requirements","volume":"8","author":"Daeechini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70186","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70186","article-title":"Designing the essential informational needs of a smartphone application for self-management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"7","author":"Asadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep."},{"key":"B21","volume-title":"Construction of Health Management Programme of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Myasthenia Gravis","author":"Kang","year":"2021"},{"key":"B22","volume-title":"Multivariate Analysis","author":"Kendall","year":"1975"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20552076241301457","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076241301457","article-title":"Digitisation and health: second nationwide survey of internet users in Germany","volume":"10","author":"De Santis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Digital Health"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17483","article-title":"Latent class analysis of eHealth behaviors among adults with epilepsy","volume":"64","author":"Kee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00274","article-title":"A profile of eHealth behaviors in China: results from a national survey show a low of usage and significant digital divide","volume":"6","author":"Hong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9030357","article-title":"Influencing factors of acceptance and use behavior of mobile health application users: systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2017.08.006","article-title":"What factors influence the mobile health service adoption? A meta-analysis and the moderating role of age","volume":"43","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Inform Manage."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587765","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1587765","article-title":"iACT4IBD: a randomised controlled trial of a brief online intervention based on acceptance and commitment therapy to improve wellbeing for adults with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e42304","DOI":"10.2196\/42304","article-title":"Offerings and user demands of eHealth services in Spain: national survey","volume":"25","author":"Cernadas Ramos","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37445","DOI":"10.2196\/37445","article-title":"Information and communication technologies in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: cross-sectional survey","volume":"24","author":"Chamorro-de-Vega","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327027HC1603_1","article-title":"Primary sources of health information: comparisons in the domain of health attitudes, health cognitions, and health behaviors","volume":"16","author":"Dutta-Bergman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Commun."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7019.1552","article-title":"Guide to the internet. The world wide web","volume":"311","author":"Pallen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brit Med J."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-05109-0","article-title":"Can patients trust online health information? A meta-narrative systematic review addressing the quality of health information on the internet","volume":"34","author":"Daraz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2021.0603","article-title":"Privacy concerns and continued use intention of telemedicine during COVID-19","volume":"28","author":"Kato-Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.19426","article-title":"Privacy policies of android diabetes apps and sharing of health information","volume":"315","author":"Blenner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Amer Med Assoc."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.58209\/hehp.13.2.297","article-title":"Designing the critical informational components of a smartphone application for gestational diabetes self-management","volume":"13","author":"Paghe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Educ Health Promot."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/hir.12503","article-title":"Internet and social media preferences of orthopaedic patients vary according to factors such as age and education levels","volume":"41","author":"Gencer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Info Libr J."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20552076231210663","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076231210663","article-title":"Barriers to and facilitators of online health information-seeking behaviours among cancer patients: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Ferraris","year":"2023","journal-title":"Digital Health"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2024.08.009","article-title":"Does Internet use improve the physical and mental health of older adults in China? A study based on the digital divide theory","volume":"59","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geriatr Nurs."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2019.103960","article-title":"Determinants of access to eHealth services in regional Australia","volume":"131","author":"Alam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20552076241271812","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076241271812","article-title":"Sociodemographic factors and health digital divide among urban residents: evidence from a population-based survey in China","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Digital Health"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15491","DOI":"10.2196\/15491","article-title":"Use of Internet-based health and care services by elderly people in Europe and the importance of the country context: a multilevel study","volume":"3","author":"Merkel","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000152","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000152","article-title":"The quality of websites addressing fibromyalgia: an assessment of quality and readability using standardised tools","volume":"1","author":"Daraz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brit Med J Open"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-019-01209-0","article-title":"Medication adherence in patients with myasthenia gravis in Brazil: a cross-sectional study","volume":"120","author":"Vitturi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Belg."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17562864231206877","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864231206877","article-title":"The analysis of factors affecting medication adherence in patients with myasthenia gravis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Su","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2022.1215","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: novel findings and perspectives on traditional to regenerative therapeutic interventions","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28530","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028530","article-title":"Treatment of myasthenia gravis with the method of tonifying spleen and replenishing qi in traditional Chinese medicine: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1707064\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:51:46Z","timestamp":1779339106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1707064\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2026.1707064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1707064","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"article-number":"1707064"}}