{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T16:24:40Z","timestamp":1771518280861,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluate the outcomes of opicapone as an add-on treatment to levodopa\/DDCI in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and motor fluctuations (MF) in a real-world setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational, retrospective, and post-authorization study in patients with PD and MF treated with opicapone at 16 Spanish Movement Disorders centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 245 patients included (55.9% men; mean [standard deviation] age: 67.7 [10.4] years), 41.9 and 33.6% presented rigid-akinetic and tremor-dominant phenotypes, respectively; 43.8% had a history of dyskinesias. Patients started treatment with 50\u202fmg\/day opicapone 8.3 (5.3) years after diagnosis. At initiation, the mean levodopa dose was 620.7 (313.7) mg\/day. According to the PGI-C (available in 178 patients), 74.2% of patients reported clinical improvement in MF, without worsening of dykinesias in 64.6%. Clinical improvement of MF with stable\/improved dyskinesias was similar between PD phenotypes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.327). Opicapone reduced the percentage of patients experiencing wearing-off phenomena (98.0% vs. 61.6%), delayed-on (10.2% vs. 5.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.010), no-on (6.5% vs. 2.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.027), and non-motor fluctuations (21.6% vs. 15.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.010). Furthermore, the off-time decreased (143.3 vs. 67.9\u202fmin\/day;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). After 4.8 (3.6) months of treatment, scores in UPDRS Parts II-IV significantly decreased, suggesting additional improvements in daily activities and motor function. The mean daily time with dyskinesias did not increase after initiating opicapone. Mild adverse events were observed in 21 (8.3%) patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that opicapone added to levodopa improves motor function and reduces MF without significantly enhancing dyskinesia intensity, along with a tolerable profile. Moreover, there were no differences regarding clinical improvement among PD phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1738500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T15:43:24Z","timestamp":1771515804000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real-world data of opicapone in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease experiencing motor fluctuations: the OPTIMO study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda\u2011Rosario","family":"Luquin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra","place":["Pamplona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Lopez-Ariztegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario de Toledo","place":["Toledo, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos Mart\u00ednez","family":"Castrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lydia L\u00f3pez","family":"Manzanares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Princesa","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel Sastre","family":"Bataller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario y Polit\u00e9cnico La Fe","place":["Valencia, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Koukoulis","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital \u00c1lvaro Cunqueiro","place":["Vigo, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara Vives","family":"Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Son Espases","place":["Palma de Mallorca, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berta Solano","family":"Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona y Hospital Santa Caterina Salt","place":["Girona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda \u00c1lvarez","family":"Sauco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General Universitario de Elche","place":["Elche, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier Pagonabarraga","family":"Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Recerca","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mat\u00edas Arbelo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario San Roque","place":["Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro Jos\u00e9 Garc\u00eda","family":"Ruiz-Espiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"de F\u00e0bregues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Vall d\u2019Hebron","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier L\u00f3pez","family":"del Val","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica HLA Montpellier","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor Campos","family":"Arillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Vithas-Xanit, Benalm\u00e1dena","place":["M\u00e1laga, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Laboratorios Bial S.A","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Blanco","family":"Ameijeiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Laboratorios Bial S.A","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel Pijuan","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Laboratorios Bial S.A","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iciar Tegel","family":"Ayuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Laboratorios Bial S.A","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27216","article-title":"Levodopa: a new look at an old friend","volume":"33","author":"Olanow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X15666170510143821","article-title":"Levodopa in Parkinson's disease: current status and future developments","volume":"16","author":"Tambasco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20324","article-title":"Sydney Multicenter study of Parkinson's disease: non-L-dopa-responsive problems dominate at 15 years","volume":"20","author":"Hely","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov 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