{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:07:34Z","timestamp":1791389254815,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Characteristics of Adult MOG Antibody-Associated Disease Presenting with Seizures as the Initial Symptom.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 7 patients who presented with epileptic seizures as the initial symptom among 16 adult MOG antibody-positive patients admitted to the Department of Neurology at Xingtai People\u2019s Hospital in Hebei Province from August 2020 to March 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, the age of onset of the 7 patients ranged from 18 to 75\u202fyears. All patients presented with epileptic seizures as the initial symptom, with 3 cases accompanied by fever and 4 cases by headache. Among the 7 patients, seizure types included focal seizures and generalized tonic\u2013clonic seizures. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was elevated in 4 cases, while leukocyte count was increased in 2 cases. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cortical lesions in 3 patients without significant meningeal enhancement, and 4 cases showed no abnormal findings on MRI. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed focal slow waves in 5 cases, while 2 cases showed normal findings. All 7 patients were treated with hormones, 2 received intravenous human immunoglobulin, and 5 were administered antiepileptic drugs. All 7 patients achieved favorable prognosis, with one case of recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In adult MOG antibody-positive patients presenting with epileptic seizures as the initial symptom, the disease can occur at any age without a clear sex predominance. These patients may present with non-specific clinical features such as fever, headache, and abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid and electroencephalography. Some patients may exhibit isolated epileptic seizures. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging often reveals cortical signal abnormalities. For adult patients presenting with seizures as the first symptom, early MOG antibody testing is essential for a definitive diagnosis. Prompt initiation of corticosteroid or intravenous immunoglobulin therapy can effectively control disease progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1746963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T05:19:38Z","timestamp":1771910378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Seizures as the initial manifestation: characterizing the adult phenotype of MOG antibody-associated disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"XuXin","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Chengde Medical University","place":["Chengde, Hebei, China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xingtai People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Xingtai, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Chengde Medical University","place":["Chengde, Hebei, China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xingtai People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Xingtai, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xingtai People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Xingtai, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JuXian","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xingtai People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Xingtai, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.12.004","article-title":"Anti-MOG antibody: the history, clinical phenotype, and pathogenicity of a serum biomarker for demyelination","volume":"15","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e165373","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.165373","article-title":"MOGAD patient autoantibodies induce complement, phagocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity","volume":"8","author":"Yandamuri","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00431-8","article-title":"Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: international MOGAD panel proposed criteria","volume":"22","author":"Banwell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260358","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1260358","article-title":"Epidemiology of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: a review of prevalence and incidence worldwide","volume":"14","author":"Hor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102057","article-title":"Seizure occurrence in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17315","article-title":"Seizures and epilepsy in multiple sclerosis, aquaporin 4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983-023-00632-8","article-title":"Sentinel seizure heralding myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease","volume":"59","author":"Das","year":"2023","journal-title":"Egypt J Neurol Psychiat Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458519845112","article-title":"The clinical spectrum and incidence of anti-MOG-associated acquired demyelinating syndromes in children and adults","volume":"26","author":"De Mol","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.09.011","article-title":"Seizures in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders and related immune factors","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-024-03058-x","article-title":"Less common phenotypes of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related diseases in children deserve more attention","volume":"96","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102283","article-title":"FLAIR-hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures (FLAMES): is immunotherapy always needed to put out the fire?","volume":"44","author":"Budhram","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.11.007","article-title":"Acute epileptic seizures in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein encephalomyelitis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a comparative cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Yao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582768","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.582768","article-title":"The clinical features of FLAIR-hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG antibody associated cerebral cortical encephalitis with seizures: case reports and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-330074","article-title":"MOG antibody-associated encephalitis in adult: clinical phenotypes and outcomes","volume":"94","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09440-8","article-title":"Unilateral cortical FLAIR-hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures (FLAMES): characterization of a distinct clinico-radiographic syndrome","volume":"266","author":"Budhram","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.06.028","article-title":"The pathological features of MOG antibody-positive cerebral cortical encephalitis as a new spectrum associated with MOG antibodies: a case report","volume":"392","author":"Ikeda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2011.07.002","article-title":"Features of acute DWI abnormalities related to status epilepticus","volume":"97","author":"A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1720676","article-title":"Unilateral cerebral cortical encephalitis with epilepsy: a possible special phenotype of MOG antibody-associated disorders","volume":"130","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.07.028","article-title":"A case of anti-MOG antibody-positive unilaterally dominant meningoencephalitis followed by longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis","volume":"25","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102011","article-title":"Seizures and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies: two paradigmatic cases and a review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Foiadelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14032","article-title":"Isolated seizures during the first episode of relapsing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated demyelination in children","volume":"61","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.101394","article-title":"Atypical presentation of MOG-related disease: slowly progressive behavioral and personality changes following a seizure","volume":"36","author":"Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e322","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000322","article-title":"MOG antibody-positive, benign, unilateral, cerebral cortical encephalitis with epilepsy","volume":"4","author":"Ogawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13790","article-title":"Encephalitis is an important clinical component of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated demyelination: a single-center cohort study in Shanghai, China","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1746963\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T05:19:39Z","timestamp":1771910379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1746963\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2026.1746963"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1746963","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"article-number":"1746963"}}