{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T07:28:02Z","timestamp":1774510082543,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Enterprise Vascular Reconstruction Devices 2 (EP-VRD2) are designed to improve apposition to curved vessel walls. This study aimed to evaluate the wall apposition (WA) and long-term safety and effectiveness of EP-VRD2 for treating ophthalmic segment aneurysms (OSAs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dyna CT angiography (CTA) was used to evaluate WA, while digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the modified Rankin score (mRS) were utilized for imaging and outcome follow-up, respectively. The minimum follow-up was 12\u202fmonths.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 104 OSAs treated with EP-VRD2 were collected. The complication rate was 3.84%, all due to thromboembolic events. Immediate angiography revealed Raymond\u2013Roy occlusion classification (RROC) I in 73.08% of cases, II in 23.08%, and III in 3.84%. DSA follow-up of 90 OSAs over an average of 19.91\u202f\u00b1\u202f7.16\u202fmonths showed a complete occlusion rate of 95.56%. Clinical follow-up averaged 22.15\u202f\u00b1\u202f9.26\u202fmonths, with mRS ranging from 0 to 2. Crescent signs, indicating incomplete stent apposition (ISA), were observed in 11.54% of cases. Curvature radius (CR) and artery angle (AA) were significantly different between the complete apposition and ISA groups, with cut-off values identified at 44\u00b0 and 3.58\u202fmm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EP-VRD2 stents are safe and effective for long-term treatment of OSAs, significantly improving WA in curved vessels. However, ISA remains in sharp ICA siphon bends, particularly with an AA\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f44\u00b0 or CR\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f3.58\u202fmm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1750959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T05:19:24Z","timestamp":1774502364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The EP-VRD2 for endovascular treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms: wall apposition and long-term study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jinlong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenlei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenbao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niansheng","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingbing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dayong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xintong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.72.5.0677","article-title":"Aneurysms of the ophthalmic segment. 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follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Moon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2016-012400","article-title":"Deployment technique that takes advantage of the characteristics of Enterprise VRD2: an in vitro study","volume":"9","author":"Chihara","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1161\/hs0901.095600","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms","volume":"32","author":"Roy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in 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