{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:12:11Z","timestamp":1779340331675,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The leading cause of death and disability in Chinese residents is acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Standardized comprehensive treatment is essential for improving AIS outcomes. This article provides a systems-level analysis of the comprehensive treatment system of AIS in China by integrating evidence-based clinical guidelines, real-world clinical practice data and national medical quality control results, reviews the complete process from pre-hospital emergency care to ultra-early reperfusion therapy (intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment) to the management of acute-phase complications to secondary prevention and rehabilitation. The article integrates the latest clinical research data, current diagnostic and treatment guidelines and medical quality control report in China, carries out a critical analysis on the strengths, weaknesses and regional imbalance of current treatment models by grading the evidence strength of different research types (randomized controlled trials, observational studies, guidelines and meta-analyses), and elaborates on future development direction which can serve as reference to improve overall treatment level of AIS in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1751280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:52:43Z","timestamp":1779339163000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Current status and advances in comprehensive treatment of acute ischemic stroke in China: from evidence-based guidelines to clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ze-Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hulunbuir People's Hospital","place":["Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qin-Bao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hulunbuir People's Hospital","place":["Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Ming","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hulunbuir People's Hospital","place":["Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_198_25","article-title":"China stroke prevention and control report 2024: an executive summary","volume":"11","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.01.012","article-title":"Burden of stroke in China: a decomposition analysis investigating the driven factors","volume":"20","author":"Fu","year":"2026","journal-title":"IBRO Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930251342357","article-title":"Decade trends in risk factors, treatments, and prognosis of minor ischemic stroke and TIA in China","volume":"20","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930251344450","article-title":"Nationwide analysis of routine clinical practices in the management of acute ischemic stroke patients in China","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-11088-8","article-title":"Analysis of onset-to-door time and its influencing factors in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke during the 2020 COVID-19 epidemic: a preliminary, prospective, multicenter study","volume":"24","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241286709","article-title":"Clinical characteristics, in-hospital management, and outcomes among patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke in rural versus urban hospitals in China: a nationwide hospital-based study","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_1091_23","article-title":"Prehospital factors associated with delayed hospital arrival of stroke patients: a regional single-center study from India","volume":"27","author":"Edakkattil","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.124.047805","article-title":"Mechanical thrombectomy access score: a systematic review and modified Delphi of global barriers to endovascular therapy","volume":"56","author":"Aroor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082376","article-title":"Temporal trends and risk factors for delayed hospital admission in suspected stroke patients","volume":"9","author":"Kielkopf","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000550171","article-title":"Breaking paradigms: Mexico's stroke roadmap assessing institutional resources using world stroke organization stroke-certification parameters","author":"Bonifacio-Delgadillo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211031440","article-title":"Impact of stroke center certification on rt-PA thrombolysis after acute ischemic stroke in South China from 2015 to 2020","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107702","article-title":"The role of stroke care infrastructure on the effectiveness of a hub-and-spoke telestroke model in South Carolina","volume":"33","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.07.05.23292270","article-title":"Performance of thrombectomy-capable, comprehensive, and primary stroke centers in reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke: report from the get with the guidelines stroke registry: stroke outcomes per hospital certification status","author":"Raychev","year":"2023","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.066114","article-title":"Performance of thrombectomy-capable, comprehensive, and primary stroke centers in reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke: report from the get with the guidelines-stroke registry","volume":"148","author":"Raychev","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_70_22","article-title":"Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: from alteplase to tenecteplase","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2024.3659","article-title":"Mobile stroke unit management in patients with acute ischemic stroke eligible for intravenous thrombolysis","volume":"81","author":"Mac Grory","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.7827","article-title":"Dual antiplatelet therapy vs alteplase for patients with minor nondisabling acute ischemic stroke: the ARAMIS randomized clinical trial","volume":"329","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1159\/000509013","article-title":"Intravenous thrombolysis guided by perfusion CT with alteplase in >4.5 hours from stroke onset","volume":"49","author":"Medina-Rodriguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"I","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987321989865","article-title":"European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines on intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke","volume":"6","author":"Berge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Stroke J"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-024-03973-w","article-title":"Safety of alteplase intravenous thrombolysis and influencing factors of clinical outcome in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-021-00494-4","article-title":"Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in centenarians","volume":"12","author":"Baena \u00c1lvarez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Geriatr Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12795","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12795","article-title":"Alteplase or tenecteplase for thrombolysis in ischemic stroke: an illustrated review","volume":"6","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res Pract Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-021-00399-w","article-title":"Tenecteplase vs. alteplase for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Potla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030797","article-title":"In silico study of different thrombolytic agents for fibrinolysis in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.07.004","article-title":"Comparison of thrombolytic agents in treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke; findings from a single centre follow up study in real-life settings","volume":"91","author":"George","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2025.123653","article-title":"Novel thrombolytic agents for acute ischemic stroke: a comprehensive review of current evidence","volume":"476","author":"Hotz","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001363","DOI":"10.1161\/SVIN.124.001363","article-title":"Tenecteplase versus alteplase in acute ischemic stroke in Chinese patients: protocol for the ORIGINAL study","volume":"4","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Interv Neurol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S126","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012801","article-title":"Indications for mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: current guidelines and beyond","volume":"97","author":"Jadhav","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112139-20241018-00466","article-title":"Mechanical thrombectomy: recent advancement of the clinical trials","volume":"63","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis-2023-020286","article-title":"Mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke in the USA before and after time window expansion","volume":"16","author":"Kwok","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1177\/19418744231159457","article-title":"Thrombectomy for anterior circulation stroke in a witnessed late time window versus early time window","volume":"13","author":"de Castro-Afonso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurohospitalist"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573405620666230608091800","article-title":"Application of computed tomography perfusion imaging-guided mechanical thrombectomy in ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion beyond the therapeutic time window","author":"Xiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Med Imaging"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185554","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1185554","article-title":"Thrombectomy with and without computed tomography perfusion imaging for large-vessel occlusion stroke in the extended time window: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"14","author":"Zhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352310","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1352310","article-title":"Early and late basilar artery thrombectomy time window outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Mierzwa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19714009261427328","DOI":"10.1177\/19714009261427328","article-title":"Mechanical thrombectomy for elderly stroke patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","author":"Cardoso","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neuroradiol J"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13425","article-title":"Endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke","volume":"291","author":"Wass\u00e9lius","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199221084481","article-title":"A review of mechanical thrombectomy techniques for acute ischemic stroke","volume":"29","author":"Munoz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199241286753","article-title":"pRESET thrombectomy device outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Hamouda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7708","article-title":"Thrombectomy using the embotrap clot-retrieving device for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a glimpse of clinical evidence","volume":"43","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2024.110892","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of NeVa mechanical thrombectomy device in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"130","author":"Habibi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012803","article-title":"Complications of mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"97","author":"Krishnan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2021-018300","article-title":"Stroke thrombectomy perioperative anesthetic and hemodynamic management","volume":"15","author":"Farag","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686891","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1686891","article-title":"Effect of standardized perioperative management on eeg indexes and nerve and limb functions of patients with acute cerebral infarction undergoing mechanical thrombectomy","volume":"2022","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2958","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.122.034536","article-title":"Nursing care of the acute ischemic stroke endovascular thrombectomy patient","volume":"53","author":"Hill","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-024-06277-7","article-title":"Indications and scientific support for supratentorial unilateral decompressive craniectomy for different subgroups of patients: a scoping review","volume":"166","author":"Beucler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.11.003","article-title":"Role of decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of malignant cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a single center consecutive case series study in China","volume":"181","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6621","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-025-08476-1","article-title":"CT hyperdensities after recanalization for anterior circulation large vessels occlusion: a predictor for malignant brain edema after ischemic stroke?","volume":"46","author":"Ramponi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106276","article-title":"Optic nerve sheath diameter detects intracranial hypertension in acute malignant middle cerebral artery infarction","volume":"31","author":"Oliveira","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxac368","article-title":"Hypertonic saline use in neurocritical care for treating cerebral edema: a review of optimal formulation, dosing, safety, administration and storage","volume":"80","author":"Holden","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.04.013","article-title":"Oral glyburide for the prevention of cerebral edema in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"186","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113685","article-title":"The role of glymphatic system in the cerebral edema formation after ischemic stroke","volume":"340","author":"Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703258","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.703258","article-title":"Hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke: mechanisms and management","volume":"12","author":"Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8447","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202008_22642","article-title":"Clinical significance of FSTL 1, Bax, Bcl-2 in acute cerebral infarction and its relationship with hemorrhagic transformation","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S498228","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors for hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarction and recurrence of cerebral infarction: a retrospective study on cerebral infarction patients with or without hemorrhagic transformation","volume":"18","author":"Bao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.29399\/npa.29174","article-title":"Prediction of hemorrhagic transformation and functional outcomes using arterial spin labeling MRI in acute middle cerebral artery infarction","volume":"63","author":"Y\u00f6n","year":"2025","journal-title":"Noro Psikiyatr Ars"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.10.041","article-title":"Changes of FSTL1 and MMP-9 levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction and its relationship with hemorrhagic transformation","volume":"99","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-024-01537-z","article-title":"Stress hyperglycemia is associated with early neurologic deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis without hemorrhagic transformation","volume":"16","author":"Lei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8320","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58562-1","article-title":"The role of stroke-induced immunosuppression as a predictor of functional outcome in the neurorehabilitation setting","volume":"14","author":"Vaghi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.710144","article-title":"Risk estimation of infectious and inflammatory disorders in hospitalized patients with acute ischemic stroke using clinical-lab nomogram","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1282","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000206749","article-title":"Age- and sex-specific trends in medical complications after acute ischemic stroke in the United States","volume":"100","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-023-01266-2","article-title":"Contemporary antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies for secondary stroke prevention: a narrative review of current literature and guidelines","volume":"23","author":"Bhatia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5797\/jnet.ra.2024-0001","article-title":"Early antithrombotic therapy in acute ischemic stroke","author":"Koga","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuroendovasc Ther"},{"key":"B63","first-page":"70","article-title":"Ischemic stroke management: posthospitalization and transition of care","volume":"108","author":"Larson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000462","article-title":"Associations of CYP2C19 and F2R genetic polymorphisms with platelet reactivity in Chinese ischemic stroke patients receiving clopidogrel therapy","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genomics"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10760296231213070","DOI":"10.1177\/10760296231213070","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy versus antiplatelet therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"29","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"B66","first-page":"605","article-title":"Chinese guidelines for the clinical management of cerebrovascular diseases (2nd Edition)","volume":"56","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin J Neurol"},{"key":"B67","volume-title":"Chinese Stroke Prevention and Treatment Guidelines (2021 Edition)","year":"2021"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-025-02517-0","article-title":"Blood pressure management in stroke: comparative review of the 2025 AHA\/ACC\/AANP\/ACPM\/AGS\/AMA\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA\/SGIM, 2024 ESC, 2023 ESH, and 2025 JSH guidelines","volume":"49","author":"Koga","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01309-4","article-title":"Association between age and risk of stroke or death from carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting: a meta-analysis of pooled patient data from four randomised trials","volume":"387","author":"Howard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.RV22027","article-title":"Medical management of acute stroke based on Japan stroke society guidelines and the Japan stroke data bank","volume":"31","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5752","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175752","article-title":"Management and prognosis of acute stroke in atrial fibrillation","volume":"12","author":"Hindsholm","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e83820","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.83820","article-title":"Acute ischemic stroke secondary to severe anemia from upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a case report","volume":"17","author":"Al-Anbagi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B73","first-page":"57","article-title":"Recurrent ischemic stroke: prevention strategies","volume":"113","author":"Ford","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1159\/000530873","article-title":"Timing of initiation of acute stroke rehabilitation and management corresponding to complications at primary stroke centers in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey","volume":"53","author":"Oki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3718","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10163718","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of different treatment strategies for motor recovery in poststroke rehabilitation during the first 90 days","volume":"10","author":"Koroleva","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arrct.2022.100224","article-title":"Rehabilitation of patients with acute ischemic stroke who required assistance before hospitalization contributes to improvement in activities of daily living: a nationwide database cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Tani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14202","article-title":"Effect of early intensive rehabilitation on the clinical outcomes of patients with acute stroke","volume":"21","author":"Oyanagi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2025.03.017","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in stroke rehabilitation: from acute care to long-term recovery","volume":"572","author":"Kopalli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864221123195","article-title":"Effect of early integrated robot-assisted gait training on motor and balance in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial","author":"Meng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-025-01652-6","article-title":"Effects of oral care combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on clinical outcomes in the acute phase of acute ischemic stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12429","article-title":"Effectiveness of early rehabilitation combined with virtual reality training on muscle strength, mood state, and functional status in patients with acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Worldviews Evid Based Nurs"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3390\/life14070847","article-title":"The efficacy of early rehabilitation combined with virtual reality training in patients with first-time acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Chao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3936655","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3936655","article-title":"Intelligent algorithm-based MRI image features for evaluating the effect of nursing on recovery of the neurological function of patients with acute stroke","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Contrast Media Mol Imaging"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-025-01008-2","article-title":"The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on anthropometric and malnutrition status in acute ischemic stroke patients: a triple-blinded randomized clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"Hajjarzadeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nutr"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1298\/ptr.E10297","article-title":"The impact of multidisciplinary team intervention for early mobilization of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in stroke care unit: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Oike","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys Ther Res"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31931","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31931","article-title":"A standardized ward round proforma improves documentation in a specialist stroke unit","volume":"14","author":"Armstrong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1097\/JHQ.0000000000000364","article-title":"A structured rounding proforma in the hyper acute stroke unit (HASU): a quality improvement project","volume":"45","author":"Ludley","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Healthc Qual"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12709","article-title":"Exploring facilitators and barriers associated with oral care for inpatients with dysphagia post-stroke","volume":"41","author":"Curtin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107431","article-title":"10-year temporal trends of intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: analysis of the China national stroke registry I\u2013III","volume":"33","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4383","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112137-20250717-01774","article-title":"Analysis of current status in the construction of stroke centers and the quality of ischemic stroke medical care in Guangdong province (2023\u20132024)","volume":"105","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.15441\/ceem.25.241","article-title":"Initial diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke: updates and future directions","volume":"13","author":"Ha","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin Exp Emerg Med"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.09.015","article-title":"Applications of artificial intelligence for DWI and PWI data processing in acute ischemic stroke: current practices and future directions","volume":"81","author":"Ben Alaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25020891","article-title":"Neuroprotection during thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: a review of future therapies","volume":"25","author":"Dammavalam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.108188","article-title":"Magnesium sulfate in the management of acute ischemic stroke: a review of the literature and future directions","volume":"34","author":"Feygin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102617","article-title":"Integrative approaches in acute ischemic stroke: from symptom recognition to future innovations","volume":"11","author":"Saceleanu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1751280\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T04:52:52Z","timestamp":1779339172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1751280\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"references-count":95,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2026.1751280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1751280","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"article-number":"1751280"}}