{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:45:39Z","timestamp":1782459939763,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gangliosides are sialylated glycosphingolipids highly enriched in the central nervous system, where they regulate membrane signaling, metabolism, neurogenesis, and immune responses. This Review integrates recent advances across distinct experimental and clinical domains. First, recent studies demonstrate that the monosialoganglioside GM1 enhances astrocyte\u2013neuron metabolic coupling via the astrocyte\u2013neuron lactate shuttle, thereby supporting neuronal bioenergetics and resilience. Complementary mechanistic work shows that specific gangliosides regulate adult neurogenesis through developmentally controlled epigenetic and transcriptional programs. In Huntington\u2019s disease models, preclinical evidence indicates that GM1 and related gangliosides attenuate microglia-mediated inflammatory responses and promote proteostasis through extracellular vesicle\u2013dependent clearance of misfolded proteins. Finally, clinical evidence from acute spinal cord injury demonstrates that GM1 administration accelerates neurological recovery, underscoring its translational relevance. Together, these findings position gangliosides as multi-target modulators of neural repair and inflammation, and highlight their potential for therapeutic development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1795901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:13:43Z","timestamp":1781532823000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gangliosides in the 21st century: therapeutic prospects for the brain and spine"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Pierre J.","family":"Magistretti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","place":["Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"GliaPharm","place":["Geneva, 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