{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T15:56:03Z","timestamp":1777305363043,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To replicate and extend recent findings, suggesting that higher serum alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) levels are associated with reduced disease activity and progression in multiple sclerosis (MS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reanalysed clinical trial data from 85 people with MS who had serum ALA using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical (EDSS, PASAT) assessments, collected for 2\u202fyears, with additional follow-up at 12-years. Linear and mixed models were used to assess the relationship between ALA and clinical and MRI outcomes. Mediation analyses tested whether ALA mediated associations between brain volume or T2 lesion load and disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ALA measures were consistent over time (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.83). Higher ALA predicted lower EDSS (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.41, 95% CI [\u22120.73, \u22120.08]) and larger brain volume (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.22, 95% CI [0.09, 0.36]). ALA was a non-significant mediator of brain volume or lesion effects on EDSS and did not predict long-term clinical or cognitive changes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We replicate prior associations between higher serum ALA levels and reduced disability in MS and extend these by showing a beneficial association of serum ALA with brain volume. However, ALA did not predict long-term progression, limiting its prognostic value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1796427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T15:18:38Z","timestamp":1777303118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Alpha-linolenic acid associations with disability and brain volume in multiple sclerosis: a brief replication report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Max","family":"Korbmacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Department for Radiography, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjell-Morten","family":"Myhr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stig","family":"Wergeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Norwegian MS-Registry and Biobank, Helse Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Wesnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, St. Olav\u2019s Hospital","place":["Trondheim, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ivind","family":"Torkildsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen","place":["Bergen, Norway"]},{"name":"Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital","place":["Bergen, Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e213905","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000213905","article-title":"Serum alpha-linolenic acid and long-term multiple sclerosis activity and progression","volume":"105","author":"Cortese","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.283","article-title":"\u03a9-3 fatty acid treatment in multiple sclerosis (OFAMS study): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Torkildsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch 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