{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T04:57:48Z","timestamp":1775624268183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical activity volume (PAV) has been linked to a wide range of health outcomes; however, its association with incident nervous system diseases remains incompletely understood. This study explored their relationship using data from UK Biobank.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 278,306 participants from the UK Biobank. PAV was quantified as metabolic equivalent of task (MET) minutes per week, derived from self-reported physical activity levels, and categorized into three groups. Incident cases of nervous system diseases were identified through ICD-10 codes obtained from hospital inpatient records, death registries, and self-reports. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for a series of covariates. Restricted cubic splines were applied to assess potential non-linear associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women and individuals aged 60\u202fyears or older exhibited higher incidence rates of nervous system diseases. After multivariable adjustment, higher PAV was significantly associated with a lower risk of overall nervous system diseases (HR\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f1). A non-linear dose\u2013response relationship was observed, with the lowest risk occurring at a PAV level of 1,356 MET-min\/week. Subgroup analyses indicated that elevated PAV conferred protective effects against several specific conditions. Conversely, higher PAV was associated with an increased risk of meningitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased levels of physical activity are associated with a reduced risk of numerous nervous system diseases, with optimal protection observed at approximately 1,356 MET-min\/week. These findings support the promotion of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity as a preventive strategy for neurological disorders, particularly among high-risk populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1804767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T04:14:21Z","timestamp":1775621661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of physical activity volume with the risks of nervous system diseases: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mingming","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yibai","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Care Department, Eastern Hepatobiliary 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