{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T06:07:38Z","timestamp":1779084458778,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache attributed to anxiety or depressive disorders was added to the appendix of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) in 2018. However, its specific clinical features have not yet been systematically characterized, limiting its early recognition and optimal clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted an observational study between March 2024 and June 2025 at a headache center in China. Following stringent exclusion of primary headache disorders and other secondary headache causes, 101 patients meeting diagnostic criteria for headache attributed to anxiety and depressive disorders (HA-ADD) were enrolled. Demographic data, detailed headache characteristics, and psychiatric symptoms were collected through structured face-to-face interviews.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort was predominantly female (70.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f71) with a median age of 36\u202fyears. The characteristic HA-ADD phenotype was defined by: (1) pain characteristics: bilateral pain (72.3%) with dull quality (92.1%) and moderate-to-severe intensity (53.5% moderate; 42.6% severe); (2) location: temporal (47.5%) and parietal regions (35.6%); (3) temporal pattern: 60.4% of attacks lasted less than 4\u202fh; (4) associated symptoms: phonophobia (79.2%), restlessness\/agitation (58.4%), dizziness (57.4%), and nausea (51.5%); (5) trigger factors: emotional fluctuations (71.3%) and poor sleep quality (57.4%) were predominant. Notably, 73.2% of patients experienced severe headache-related functional impairment (HIT-6 score &amp;gt;60).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache attributed to anxiety and depressive disorders presents a distinct clinical profile characterized by bilateral, dull, moderate-to-severe pain with short attack duration and prominent associated symptoms including phonophobia and restlessness. This phenotypic signature differentiates HA-ADD from common primary headache disorders and provides clinical markers that may facilitate earlier diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1805261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T05:41:26Z","timestamp":1779082886000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical profile of headache attributed to anxiety and depressive disorders: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Boyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA","place":["Lanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sailucao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA","place":["Lanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA","place":["Lanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA","place":["Lanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA","place":["Lanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongjun","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA","place":["Lanzhou, China"]},{"name":"First Clinical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Lanzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01388-x","article-title":"The bidirectional temporal relationship between headache and affective disorders: longitudinal data from the HUNT studies","volume":"23","author":"Giri","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.01883.x","article-title":"Headaches secondary to psychiatric disorders (HSPD): a retrospective study of 87 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