{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:00:17Z","timestamp":1790694017699,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic behavioral observation in a group requires the rater to know when a target behavior could have occurred. In an inclusive orchestra the notated part and the conductor\u2019s cues generate that occasion outside the participant, before the session. This pre-implementation study builds a dual-informant clinical outcome assessment architecture on that property, for adolescents and adults with neurodevelopmental disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The architecture comprises two context-specific candidate instruments, each of five seven-item domains. Working independently, two psychologists will score the same replayable 20-min orchestral segment within 24\u202fh using the clinician-reported instrument (ClinRO-T), while a nominated caregiver completes the observer-reported instrument (ObsRO-P) for daily-life behavior directly observed during the subsequent 48\u202fh. Paired items share an observable referent, and their correspondence is functional. An item-level grid predefines each behavioral referent, the event or window that creates a scoring opportunity, and the codes for structural inapplicability, unobservability and technical failure. A focal-participant rotation will yield 100 participant-session observations from 20 participants over 20\u202fweeks, each independently double-coded in the clinician channel. A modified Delphi process and cognitive interviewing will precede form freeze. The first observational phase will report window adherence, coding burden, code distribution, inter-rater agreement at count, band and domain level, and the suitability of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales as an external interpretive reference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The design preserves separate orchestral-session and daily-life assessment channels. Both instruments remain candidate clinical outcome assessments. No participants have been enrolled, no psychometric data are reported, and no measurement property is claimed as established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1834441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:31:48Z","timestamp":1790692308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dual-informant clinical outcome assessment in the inclusive orchestra: measurement architecture for neurodevelopmental disorders prior to empirical evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Liuzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]},{"name":"Santa Cecilia Conservatory of Music","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiammetta","family":"D\u2019Arienzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]},{"name":"Euterpe APS Cultural Association","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Staccioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Bompard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Frascari Diotallevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Cecilia Conservatory of Music","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella","family":"Lettori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Castelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurorehabilitation Research Area, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1120","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2019.102","article-title":"Behavioural profiling of autism connectivity abnormalities","volume":"6","author":"Snyder","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2018.1443461","article-title":"Future directions for examination of brain networks in neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"47","author":"Uddin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/14636.001.0001","volume-title":"The Entangled Brain: How Perception, Cognition, and Emotion Are Woven Together","author":"Pessoa","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21225","article-title":"Where do neurodevelopmental conditions fit in transdiagnostic psychiatric frameworks? 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