{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:07:10Z","timestamp":1790140030370,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome (pCMS) is a complex condition involving neurological impairment including mutism, hypotonia and dysphagia, that occurs after resection of infratentorial lesions predominantly in children. While the literature has reported several preoperative risk factors, there is little knowledge on the surgeon\u2019s role and perioperative factors. Thus, we aimed to examine the association between perioperative features and pCMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center study included 83 patients who underwent microsurgical resection of a cerebellar lesion in 2013\u20132022. Controls were matched to cases based on age using coarsened exact matching. There were 20 patients with pCMS. The parameters assessed included age, gender, the histology of the lesion, and the modified Rotterdam Risk Score. Intra- and perioperative factors such as the surgical approach; the extent of resection; the administration of dexamethasone, blood products, coagulative factors, and mannitol; the use of a preoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drain; and postoperative sodium and hemoglobin levels were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Crude-effect analysis showed associations between pCMS and medulloblastoma histology (odds ratio [OR]\u202f=\u202f7.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u202f=\u202f[1.75, 31.17]) and the administration of blood products (OR\u202f=\u202f4.82, 95% CI\u202f=\u202f[1.15, 20.16]). Moreover, there was a significant association between the occurrence of pCMS and hemoglobin (OR\u202f=\u202f0.55, CI\u202f=\u202f[0.31, 0.96]) and sodium (OR\u202f=\u202f1.21, 95% CI\u202f=\u202f[1.00, 1.46]) levels on postoperative day 1. Multivariate analysis confirmed the association with medulloblastoma histology (OR\u202f=\u202f4.66, 95% CI\u202f=\u202f[1.13, 19.15]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In multivariate analysis, histology was the only significant factor for the development of pCMS. Nonetheless, there was a trend suggesting that the administration of blood products and the postoperative hemoglobin and sodium levels could represent risk factors for development of pCMS in this explorative analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1862663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:50:21Z","timestamp":1790139021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between perioperative factors and the occurrence of postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome in children"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Ott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias Hans","family":"Belau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Mynarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Gelderbloom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Flottmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedram","family":"Emami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanno Sebastian","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lasse","family":"D\u00fchrsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friederike Sophie","family":"Groth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-016-3093-3","article-title":"Consensus paper on post-operative pediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome: the Iceland Delphi results","volume":"32","author":"Gudrunardottir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-018-3867-x","article-title":"Post-operative paediatric cerebellar mutism syndrome: time to move beyond structural MRI","volume":"34","author":"Toescu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos160","article-title":"Clinical and neuroanatomical predictors of cerebellar mutism 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