{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:58:26Z","timestamp":1785308306180,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Migraine aura affects approximately one-third of migraine patients. In some individuals, aura remains highly disabling due to the lack of effective, targeted treatment options. This study evaluates the effectiveness and long-term management of lamotrigine (LTG) in a clinical Cohort specifically burdened by frequent or severe aura.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective observational study was conducted at a neurology clinic in Lund, Sweden, including 81 patients treated between 2014 and 2022. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving \u226550% reduction in monthly aura days (MADs) following LTG prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 81 patients were included in the study. A reduction in mean MADs from 6.9\u202f\u00b1\u202f7.5\u202fdays\/month to 1.4\u202f\u00b1\u202f3.7 was observed following LTG initiation, with 79.7% mean reduction (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). The overall response rate was 85.2%. The average dose of LTG was 149.6\u202fmg\u202f\u00b1\u202f70.5. Twenty-nine patients had adverse events (AE), the most common type was skin changes, and 5 dropped out of the treatment due to AEs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results indicate that LTG is associated with a reduction in aura frequency and is well-tolerated in patients whose migraine burden is dominated by the aura phase. LTG is a preventive option worthy of further evaluation in controlled trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1863747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T05:58:33Z","timestamp":1785304713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lamotrigine prophylaxis is associated with reduced aura frequency in patients with burdensome migraine aura: a retrospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sena","family":"Uzun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sk\u00e5Neuro Neurology Clinic","place":["Lund, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences of Malm\u00f6 and Lund, Lund University","place":["Lund, Sweden"]},{"name":"Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurotechnology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University","place":["Lund, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Frejvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sk\u00e5Neuro Neurology Clinic","place":["Lund, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hulya","family":"Karatas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University","place":["Ankara, T\u00fcrkiye"]},{"name":"Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence (N\u00d6ROM), Ankara","place":["T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Petersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurotechnology, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University","place":["Lund, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcrdal","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sk\u00e5Neuro Neurology Clinic","place":["Lund, Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences of Malm\u00f6 and Lund, Lund University","place":["Lund, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/24.3.612","article-title":"Prevalence and sex-ratio of the subtypes of migraine","volume":"24","author":"Russell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102416657147","article-title":"Clinical features of migraine aura: results from a prospective diary-aided study","volume":"37","author":"Viana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01718-1","article-title":"Clinical features of migraine with aura: a REFORM study","volume":"25","author":"Thomsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.1.199","article-title":"Pathophysiology of the migraine aura. The spreading depression theory","volume":"117","author":"Lauritzen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain J Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4687","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071582498","article-title":"Mechanisms of migraine aura revealed by functional MRI in human visual cortex","volume":"98","author":"Hadjikhani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14907","article-title":"Mapping the migraine: intracranial recording of cortical spreading depression in migraine with aura","volume":"65","author":"McLeod","year":"2025","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0202-136","article-title":"Intrinsic brain activity triggers trigeminal meningeal afferents in a migraine model","volume":"8","author":"Bolay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1231897","article-title":"Spreading depression triggers headache by activating neuronal Panx1 channels","volume":"339","author":"Karatas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20778","article-title":"Suppression of cortical spreading depression in migraine prophylaxis","volume":"59","author":"Ayata","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.10.014","article-title":"Migraine preventive drugs differentially affect cortical spreading depression in rat","volume":"41","author":"Bogdanov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-019-1046-4","article-title":"Differences in treatment response between migraine with aura and migraine without aura: lessons from clinical practice and RCTs","volume":"20","author":"Hansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102416678388","article-title":"Induction of calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in rats by cortical spreading depression","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae062","article-title":"Novel insight into atogepant mechanisms of action in migraine prevention","volume":"147","author":"Melo-Carrillo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024221111526","article-title":"Effectiveness of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies on central symptoms of migraine","volume":"42","author":"Iannone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cephalalgia Int J Headache."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10546-1","article-title":"Do anti-CGRP drugs have a role in migraine aura therapy","volume":"268","author":"Matteo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-026-02338-7","article-title":"Effects of erenumab on migraine aura frequency: a REFORM study","volume":"27","author":"Jakobsen","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.1999.1901064.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of lamotrigine in the prophylaxis of migraine with aura: an open pilot study","volume":"19","author":"D\u2019Andrea","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cephalalgia Int J Headache."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.1999.1901058.x","article-title":"Lamotrigine in the prophylactic treatment of migraine Aura\u2014a pilot study","volume":"19","author":"Lampl","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.063750","article-title":"Lamotrigine reduces migraine aura and migraine attacks in patients with migraine with aura","volume":"76","author":"Lampl","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1997.1702109.x","article-title":"Lamotrigine versus placebo in the prophylaxis of migraine with and without aura","volume":"17","author":"Steiner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00599.x","article-title":"Low-dose topiramate versus lamotrigine in migraine prophylaxis (the Lotolamp study)","volume":"47","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202","article-title":"The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition","volume":"38","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia Int J Headache."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01552-x","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of super-responders vs. non-responders to CGRP(\u2212receptor) monoclonal antibodies: a real-world experience","volume":"24","author":"Raffaelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04198.x","article-title":"Preventing disturbing migraine aura with lamotrigine: an open study","volume":"44","author":"Pascual","year":"2004","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2001.01150.x","article-title":"Persistent migrainous visual phenomena might be responsive to lamotrigine","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49379","DOI":"10.14744\/cm.2022.49379","article-title":"Lamotrigine in the prophylaxis of migraine: comparison of effectiveness in migraine with and without aura in patients with depression and anxiety symptoms","volume":"17","author":"\u00d6zarslan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000059","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjno-2020-000059","article-title":"May lamotrigine be an alternative to topiramate in the prevention of migraine with aura? Results of a retrospective study","volume":"2","author":"Smeralda","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Neurol Open"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01671-5","article-title":"European headache federation (EHF) critical reappraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention\u2014part 3: topiramate","volume":"24","author":"Raffaelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD010611","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010611","article-title":"Valproate (valproic acid or sodium valproate or a combination of the two) for the prophylaxis of episodic migraine in adults","volume":"2016","author":"Linde","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S267","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-004-0304-6","article-title":"Picotamide in migraine aura prevention: a pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Allais","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurol Sci Off J Ital Neurol Soc Ital Soc Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70135-8","article-title":"Effects of tonabersat on migraine with aura: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study","volume":"8","author":"Hauge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01804.x","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study of the cortical spreading depression inhibiting agent tonabersat in migraine prophylaxis","volume":"29","author":"Goadsby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91660-k","article-title":"Studies on the mechanism of action of the novel anticonvulsant lamotrigine (Lamictal) using primary neurological cultures from rat cortex","volume":"612","author":"Lees","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.01.008","article-title":"Lamotrigine inhibits TRESK regulated by G-protein coupled receptor agonists","volume":"367","author":"Kang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2216","article-title":"A dominant-negative mutation in the TRESK potassium channel is linked to familial migraine with aura","volume":"16","author":"Lafreni\u00e8re","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2011.08.002","article-title":"Migraine: role of the TRESK two-pore potassium channel","volume":"43","author":"Lafreni\u00e8re","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1992.1204221.x","article-title":"Migraine with aura and migraine without aura: an epidemiological study","volume":"12","author":"Rasmussen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cephalalgia Int J Headache"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2001.041007646.x","article-title":"Prevalence and burden of migraine in the United States: data from the American migraine study II","volume":"41","author":"Lipton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04250-3","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of visual aura in migraine and probable migraine: a population study","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"03331024251320608","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024251320608","article-title":"Setting higher standards for migraine prevention: a position statement of the international headache society","volume":"45","author":"Sacco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1863747\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T05:58:34Z","timestamp":1785304714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1863747\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2026.1863747"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1863747","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"article-number":"1863747"}}