{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:10:57Z","timestamp":1790143857808,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Migraine and glaucoma are prevalent and burdensome conditions worldwide, yet the evidence linking them remains inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize available evidence on their association and investigate sources of heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to April 8, 2026, for cohort, case\u2013control, and cross-sectional studies examining the migraine-glaucoma link. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was explored via subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist. Publication bias was evaluated via funnel plots, Egger\u2019s test, and trim-and-fill analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nineteen studies involving 3,625,071 participants were incorporated. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant positive association between migraine and glaucoma risk (OR\u202f=\u202f1.28, 95% CI: 1.20\u20131.37), with moderate heterogeneity (I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f46.2%). Subgroup analyses indicated stronger associations in studies from America, clinic-based settings, those using self-reported migraine diagnosis and those with higher female participant proportions (\u226560%). Egger\u2019s test suggested potential publication bias. Following trim-and-fill adjustment (imputing eight potentially missing studies), the pooled estimate remained significant though slightly attenuated (OR\u202f=\u202f1.23, 95% CI: 1.13\u20131.34).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-analysis suggests migraine is associated with a significantly increased risk of glaucoma. While the association persisted directionally after adjusting for potential publication bias, its magnitude varied by data source, diagnostic method, and population characteristics. Further high-quality prospective studies employing standardized criteria are needed to elucidate causality and underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420261367870<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , CRD420261367870.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1890818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:50:36Z","timestamp":1790142636000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Migraine and the risk of glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sibiao","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sitong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jisheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianming","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32160-7","article-title":"Migraine: epidemiology and systems of care","volume":"397","author":"Ashina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.54029\/2025rkk","article-title":"The role of curcumin supplementation in patients with 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