{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:12:52Z","timestamp":1790241172600,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor impairments that are often incompletely controlled by pharmacological treatment. Theta burst stimulation (TBS), including transcranial and transspinal approaches, has emerged as a potential neuromodulation strategy for symptom management in PD. This updated systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of TBS for motor and non-motor outcomes in individuals with PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and\n                      <jats:ext-link>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      were searched from inception to 28 July 2026. Randomized parallel-group controlled trials comparing active TBS with sham stimulation in individuals with PD were included. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twelve randomized parallel-group controlled trials including 388 participants were included. Active transcranial TBS significantly improved motor symptoms in the OFF-medication state (\n                      <jats:italic>SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.43; 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      , \u22120.78 to \u22120.09;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01;\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 3%; high-certainty evidence), whereas no significant benefit was observed in the ON-medication state or at 1-month follow-up. Active transcranial TBS also reduced depressive symptom scores (\n                      <jats:italic>SMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.60; 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      , \u22121.07 to \u22120.12;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01;\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 36%; high-certainty evidence). Moderate-certainty evidence indicated potential improvements in cognitive outcomes following transcranial TBS immediately after treatment and at 3-month follow-up, as well as potential motor benefits of transspinal TBS immediately after treatment in the ON-medication state. These findings should be interpreted cautiously given the small number of trials and participants and heterogeneity in anatomical stimulation targets and stimulation protocols. No serious stimulation-related adverse events were reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial TBS may improve short-term motor symptoms in the OFF-medication state and reduce depressive symptom scores. Cognitive benefits following transcranial TBS and the potential motor effects of transspinal TBS warrant cautious interpretation. Larger trials with standardized stimulation protocols and longer follow-up are needed to establish the durability and clinical relevance of these effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/search<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420261285544.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1915632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T08:52:57Z","timestamp":1790239977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness and safety of theta burst stimulation for Parkinson's disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized parallel-group controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqin","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management Center, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yebo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Handan Central Hospital","place":["Handan, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parkinson's Disease, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30295-3","volume":"17","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15010042","article-title":"Non-motor symptoms: the hidden face of Parkinson's disease","volume":"15","author":"Cattaneo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762100","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.762100","article-title":"Effect of theta burst stimulation-patterned rtms on motor and nonmotor dysfunction of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.03.017","article-title":"Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on physical function and motor signs in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: a review","volume":"323","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-10059-1","article-title":"Parkinson's disease as a somato-cognitive action network disorder","volume":"651","author":"Ren","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-5923-2","article-title":"Effects of rTMS on Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal fMRI study","volume":"258","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21787","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: analysis of [11C] raclopride PET study","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Rc157","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-15-j0003.2001","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human prefrontal cortex induces dopamine release in the caudate nucleus","volume":"21","author":"Strafella","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.11.002","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS): an update (2014\u20132018)","volume":"131","author":"Lefaucheur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24485","article-title":"Critical role of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission in the central mechanisms of theta-burst stimulation","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1610016","article-title":"Advances in theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for auditory comprehension deficits in post-stroke aphasia","volume":"16","author":"Jing","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02630-5","article-title":"Theta burst stimulation for depression: a systematic review and network and pairwise meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Kishi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2024-0030","article-title":"Theta burst stimulation for enhancing upper extremity motor functions after stroke: a systematic review of clinical and mechanistic evidence","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07144-6","article-title":"Theta-burst stimulation as a therapeutic tool in neurological pathology: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Jemna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01213-y","article-title":"Efficacy of repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation for patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Mitsui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2022.10.043","article-title":"Burst transspinal magnetic stimulation alleviates nociceptive pain in Parkinson disease-a pilot phase II double-blind, randomized study","volume":"26","author":"Lapa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"B18","volume-title":"Handling Continuous Outcomes in Quantitative Synthesis","author":"Fu","year":"2008"},{"key":"B19","volume-title":"Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice.","author":"Fapta","year":"2015"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"5","author":"Hozo","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-021-09489-1","article-title":"Antisaccades in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Waldthaler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2015.09.002","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials revisited","volume":"45","author":"DerSimonian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contemp. Clin. Trials"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/22.4.719","article-title":"Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease","volume":"22","author":"Mantel","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.11.2.193","article-title":"Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I2 index?","volume":"11","author":"Huedo-Medina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.38025\/2078-1962-2025-24-4-76-88","article-title":"Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the correction of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled study","volume":"24","author":"Kotsoev","year":"2025","journal-title":"BRM"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31820ce6bb","article-title":"Intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of Parkinson disease","volume":"76","author":"Benninger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584374","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.584374","article-title":"Theta-burst stimulation for cognitive enhancement in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Lang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25319","article-title":"Structural correlates underlying accelerated magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease","volume":"42","author":"Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ad5387","article-title":"Cerebellar magnetic stimulation decreases levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson disease","volume":"73","author":"Koch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-212978","article-title":"Integration of virtual reality into transcranial magnetic stimulation improves cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment: a proof-of-concept study","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Parkinson's Dis"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968321104131","article-title":"Theta burst magnetic stimulation improves Parkinson's-related cognitive impairment: a randomised controlled study","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.07.006","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation improves cognition over time in Parkinson's disease","volume":"66","author":"Trung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2613580","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2026.13580","article-title":"Intermittent theta-burst stimulation for depressive symptoms in Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Hou","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2026.e00897","article-title":"Intermittent theta-burst stimulation to enhance physical therapy in Parkinson's disease: the STEP-PD randomized trial","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29776","article-title":"Trans-spinal theta burst magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease and gait disorders","volume":"39","author":"Menezes","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.4380","article-title":"Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor symptoms in Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Chou","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20914","article-title":"Minimal clinically important change on the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale","volume":"21","author":"Schrag","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.295","article-title":"The clinically important difference on the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale","volume":"67","author":"Shulman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"B41","first-page":"700","article-title":"Interpreting estimates of treatment effects: implications for managed care","volume":"33","author":"Faraone","year":"2008","journal-title":"P & T"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26025","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-56514-5","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference for cognitive scales in people with Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment","volume":"16","author":"Taghizadeh","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.069849","article-title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature","volume":"76","author":"Fregni","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws124","article-title":"Acute dopamine boost has a negative effect on plasticity of the primary motor cortex in advanced Parkinson's disease","volume":"135","author":"Kishore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.04.033","article-title":"Dopaminergic potentiation of rTMS-induced motor cortex inhibition","volume":"63","author":"Lang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2024.12.005","article-title":"Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation over the supplementary motor area on motor function in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2f66","article-title":"Supplementary motor area stimulation for Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled study","volume":"80","author":"Shirota","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1212640","article-title":"Motor function improvement and acceptability of non-invasive brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease: a Bayesian network analysis","volume":"17","author":"Qiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26206","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the treatment of motor signs in Parkinson's disease: a quantitative review of the literature","volume":"30","author":"Zanjani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01132","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1132","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for motor recovery in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-024-03990-9","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves cognition, depression, and walking ability in patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101589","article-title":"Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20713","article-title":"Placebo-controlled study of rTMS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease","volume":"21","author":"Lomarev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-2010-0570","article-title":"Brain stimulation and brain repair\u2013rTMS: from animal experiment to clinical trials\u2013what do we know?","volume":"28","author":"Platz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63691","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063691","article-title":"Abnormal baseline brain activity in non-depressed Parkinson's disease and depressed Parkinson's disease: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"8","author":"Wen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8241-x","article-title":"Cortical thinning in drug-naive Parkinson's disease patients with depression","volume":"263","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.09.007","article-title":"Oscillatory dynamics of prefrontal cognitive control","volume":"20","author":"Helfrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2004.09.016","article-title":"Neurocognitive mechanisms of cognitive control: the role of prefrontal cortex in action selection, response inhibition, performance monitoring, and reward-based learning","volume":"56","author":"Ridderinkhof","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00810","article-title":"Cognitive network neuroscience","volume":"27","author":"Medaglia","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5472.1835","article-title":"Dissociating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in cognitive control","volume":"288","author":"MacDonald AW","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.05.020","article-title":"Mid-frontal theta activity is diminished during cognitive control in Parkinson's disease","volume":"117","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00041","article-title":"Subcortical intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) increases theta-power in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)","volume":"14","author":"Bentley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1915632\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T08:52:58Z","timestamp":1790239978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1915632\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2026.1915632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2026.1915632","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"article-number":"1915632"}}