{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:01:17Z","timestamp":1790146877727,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electroneurography (ENG) provides an objective tool for assessing nerve function and characterizing electrophysiological profiles. The underutilization of ENG in our setting limits the early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy (PN), a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to describe electroneurographic parameters in diabetic subjects (DS) in relation to neuropathic pain (NP) and to compare them with non-diabetic controls (NDS) in Lubumbashi, in order to identify abnormalities specifically attributable to diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study included 51 participants (mean age 49.7\u202f\u00b1\u202f11.8\u202fyears): 25 DS and 26 NDS. NP was assessed using the validated DN4 questionnaire. ENG recordings were performed with a Neuro-MEP Micro device, following standard protocols for sensory and motor nerve exploration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      NP was significantly more frequent in DS (68%) than in NDS (46%), with a peak in insulin-dependent DS (90%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). All ENG parameters\u2014amplitude, distal latency, and conduction velocity\u2014were significantly altered in DS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05), indicating a predominantly axonal, sensory-motor polyneuropathy with demyelinating features, mainly affecting the lower limbs. Patient-level analysis showed that diabetic patients with abnormal ENG had longer diabetes duration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.04), higher HbA1c (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.02), and more frequent NP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.03). ENG abnormalities not associated with NP were observed, suggesting subclinical neuropathies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combining ENG with the DN4 score facilitates the characterization of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and enables the detection of subclinical involvement. Integrating ENG into routine clinical practice in Lubumbashi is essential for early diagnosis. Further studies are needed to establish local normative values and refine electroneurographic profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1928343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:16:34Z","timestamp":1790144194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electroneurographic profiles of peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients in Lubumbashi"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Ngoy Mande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Bilonda Mbuyamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Musa Obadia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology and Environment Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dophra","family":"Ngoy Nkulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lubumbashi Cardiology Center","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9lestin","family":"Banza Lubaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology and Environment Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdon Sylvestre","family":"Mukalay wa Mukalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Tropical Disease, Department of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi","place":["Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Lelubre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons","place":["Mons, Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Ris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons","place":["Mons, Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Okitundu Luwa E-Andjafono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuropsychopathological Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa","place":["Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Global Report on Diabetes","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00618-8","article-title":"Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 populations-based studies with 4\u00b74 million participants","volume":"387","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.4314\/njm.v18i3.51202","article-title":"Classification and dramatic epidemic of diabetes mellitus in Kinshasa hinterland: the prominent role of type 2 diabetes and lifestyle changes among Africans","volume":"18","author":"Lasi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Niger J Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2010.05.006","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome in a Congolese population and its implications for metabolic syndrome definitions","volume":"5","author":"Longo-Mbenza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.014","article-title":"Estimating prevalence of diabetes in a Congolese town was feasible","volume":"64","author":"Muyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S002","article-title":"2. 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