{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:59:43Z","timestamp":1790830783351,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the United States and a growing driver of late-life disability and death. We characterized U.S. PD-related mortality from 1999 to 2025 and projected it to 2030.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this serial cross-sectional analysis of CDC WONDER Multiple Cause of Death data, PD-related deaths in adults aged \u226545\u202fyears were identified using ICD-10 code G20 recorded anywhere on the death certificate. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 were decomposed by joinpoint regression and projected to 2030 using a log-scale ensemble weighted by rolling-origin back-test error, stratified by sex, age, race and ethnicity, census region, and degree of urbanization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1,149,731 PD-related deaths (59.8% men), the overall AAMR was 32.74 in 1999 and 41.03 (95% CI 40.70\u201341.35) in 2025, but the full-window trend was not significant (average annual percent change 0.56%; \u22120.10 to 1.22;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.099). A steep 2014\u20132021 rise (annual percent change 4.70%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) was followed by a non-significant decline, negative in 13 of the 14 strata observed through 2025. COVID-19 was co-listed on 10.15% of PD-mentioned deaths in 2020 and 0.79% in 2025, accounting for 58% of the 2019\u20132020 rise and 55% of the 2021\u20132024 decline; excluding these deaths the series was close to flat (39.88 in 2020; 40.71 in 2025). The projected 2030 AAMR was 41.73 (95% prediction interval 33.97\u201351.27), essentially unchanged from 2025; however, deaths are projected to rise from 62,162 to 70,825, with approximately 87% of the increase attributable to population aging. Restricting to PD as the underlying cause gave a steeper increase (+86.2% versus +25.3%), arguing against ascertainment drift. Between 1999\u20132007 and 2017\u20132025, nursing home deaths fell from 49.24 to 35.48%, while home deaths rose from 19.37 to 34.93% and hospice deaths from 0.88 to 8.25%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age-adjusted PD-related mortality did not change significantly between 1999 and 2025. Most of the post-2021 decline reflects the unwinding of COVID-19 co-listing rather than an improvement in underlying mortality, a mechanism that is now nearly exhausted. Projections indicate a plateau in the standardized rate, while absolute deaths rise with population aging, and end-of-life care has shifted from institutions to homes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1934146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:41:35Z","timestamp":1790829695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parkinson\u2019s disease mortality in the United States, 1999\u20132025: a national multiple-cause-of-death analysis with projections to 2030"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Eshal","family":"Atif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishan","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","place":["Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazhar","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khyber Medical College","place":["Peshawar, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdal","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University (Peshawar Campus)","place":["Peshawar, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaneez","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Institute of Medical Sciences","place":["Multan, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohib Ali","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rawal Institute of Health Sciences","place":["Islamabad, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Mukhlis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ayub Medical College","place":["Abbottabad, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danyal","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peshawar Institute of Cardiology","place":["Peshawar, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Dawar","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Aga Khan University","place":["Karachi, Pakistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Qazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Atif","family":"Mazhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sunoqrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine","place":["Baltimore, MD, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akef","family":"Obeidat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01419-8","article-title":"The epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s 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