{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:01:49Z","timestamp":1780084909497,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Hum. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T05:16:35Z","timestamp":1580879795000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bilateral Posterior Subthalamic Area Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chencheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bomin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dianyou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2013.03.008","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation in nonparkinsonian movement disorders and emerging technologies, targets, and therapeutic promises in deep brain stimulation.","volume":"31","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.04.005","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus in patients with essential tremor: stimulation below intercommissural line is more efficient but equally effective as stimulation above.","volume":"230","author":"Barbe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005956","article-title":"DBS of the PSA and the VIM in essential tremor: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial.","volume":"91","author":"Barbe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870131321","article-title":"Long-term electrical inhibition of deep brain targets in movement disorders.","volume":"13","author":"Benabid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.84.2.0203","article-title":"Chronic electrical stimulation of the ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus as a treatment of movement disorders.","volume":"84","author":"Benabid","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27121","article-title":"Consensus statement on the classification of tremors, from the task force on tremor of the international parkinson and movement disorder society.","volume":"33","author":"Bhatia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.05.014","article-title":"Influence of age, gender and severity of tremor on outcome after thalamic and subthalamic DBS for essential tremor.","volume":"17","author":"Blomstedt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22758","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation in the posterior subthalamic area in the treatment of essential tremor.","volume":"25","author":"Blomstedt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx232","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: aligning thalamic and posterior subthalamic targets in 1 surgical trajectory.","volume":"15","author":"Bot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oper. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006033","article-title":"Thalamic short pulse stimulation diminishes adverse effects in essential tremor patients.","volume":"91","author":"Choe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B11","first-page":"225","article-title":"Clinical rating scale for tremor","author":"Fahn","year":"1988","journal-title":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Movement Disorders"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23195","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: a systematic review.","volume":"25","author":"Flora","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1159\/000271824","article-title":"Complications and side effects of deep brain stimulation in the posterior subthalamic area.","volume":"88","author":"Fytagoridis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-300765","article-title":"Long term follow-up of deep brain stimulation of the caudal zona incerta for essential tremor.","volume":"83","author":"Fytagoridis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000005076","article-title":"Double target DBS for essential tremor: 8-contact lead for CZI and Vim aligned in the same trajectory.","volume":"90","author":"Ghilardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm077","article-title":"Kinematic analysis of thalamic versus subthalamic neurostimulation in postural and intention tremor.","author":"Herzog","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.55.1.114","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of subthalamic area for severe proximal tremor.","volume":"55","author":"Kitagawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22838","article-title":"How common is the most common adult movement disorder? Update on the worldwide prevalence of essential tremor.","volume":"25","author":"Louis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.09.004","article-title":"Benefits and risks of unilateral and bilateral ventral intermediate nucleus deep brain stimulation for axial essential tremor symptoms.","volume":"60","author":"Mitchell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Dis."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.04.019","article-title":"Less is more \u2013 pulse width dependent therapeutic window in deep brain stimulation for essential tremor.","volume":"11","author":"Moldovan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.54.12.2342","article-title":"Thalamic stimulation for the treatment of midline tremors in essential tremor patients.","volume":"54","author":"Obwegeser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.2.218","article-title":"Thalamic deep brain stimulation: comparison between unilateral and bilateral placement.","volume":"58","author":"Ondo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.104.4.506","article-title":"Long-term evaluation of deep brain stimulation of the thalamus.","volume":"104","author":"Pahwa","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"discussion 1129","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000119329.66931.9E","article-title":"Thalamic deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: relation of lead location to outcome.","volume":"54","author":"Papavassiliou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000345643.69486.BC","article-title":"The posterior subthalamic area in the treatment of movement disorders: past, present, and future.","volume":"64","author":"Patric","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/109\/10\/0640","article-title":"Factors involved in long-term efficacy of deep brain stimulation of the thalamus for essential tremor.","volume":"109","author":"Pilitsis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.041434","article-title":"Bilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation: midline tremor control.","volume":"76","author":"Putzke","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.06.001","article-title":"Reduction in DBS frequency improves balance difficulties after thalamic DBS for essential tremor.","volume":"367","author":"Ramirez-Zamora","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2013.03.006","article-title":"Loss of benefit in VIM thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor (ET): how prevalent is it?","volume":"19","author":"Shih","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Dis."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0b013e318236a809","article-title":"Thalamic and subthalamic deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: where is the optimal target?","volume":"70","author":"Ulrika","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1159\/000481104","article-title":"Thalamic deep brain stimulation.","volume":"33","author":"Whiting","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neurol. Surg."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-9158-1-20","article-title":"Post subthalamic area deep brain stimulation for tremors: a mini-review.","volume":"1","author":"Xie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00016\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T05:16:37Z","timestamp":1580879797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00016\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"article-number":"16"}}