{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T06:32:39Z","timestamp":1781764359361,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Hum. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic consumption of sugar- and artificially-sweetened beverages (SSB and ASB) are associated with an increased risk of stroke but it is unclear how acute consumption influences cerebral vascular function.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:<\/jats:bold> We hypothesized that: (1) acute consumption of SSB and ASB would augment dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) and attenuate cerebral vascular reactivity to hypercapnia (CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub>) compared to water; and (2) dCA and CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub> would be attenuated with SSB compared to ASB and water.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Twelve healthy adults (age: 23 \u00b1 2 years, four females) completed three randomized trials where they drank 500 ml of water, SSB (Mountain Dew<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>), or ASB (Diet Mountain Dew<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>). We measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), middle and posterior cerebral artery blood velocities (MCAv and PCAv), and end-tidal CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> tension (PETCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Cerebral vascular conductance was calculated as cerebral artery blood velocity\/MAP (MCAc and PCAc). Twenty min after consumption, participants completed a 5 min baseline, and in a counterbalanced order, a CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub> test (3%, 5%, and 7% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in 3 min stages) and a dCA test (squat-stand tests at 0.10 Hz and 0.05 Hz for 5 min each) separated by 10 min. CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub> was calculated as the slope of the linear regression lines of MCAv and PCAv vs. PETCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. dCA was assessed in the MCA using transfer function analysis. Coherence, gain, and phase were determined in the low frequency (LF; 0.07\u20130.2 Hz) and very low frequency (VLF; 0.02\u20130.07 Hz).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> MCAv and MCAc were lower after SSB (54.11 \u00b1 12.28 cm\/s, 0.58 \u00b1 0.15 cm\/s\/mmHg) and ASB (51.07 \u00b1 9.35 cm\/s, 0.52 \u00b1 1.0 cm\/s\/mmHg) vs. water (62.73 \u00b1 12.96 cm\/s, 0.67 \u00b1 0.11 cm\/s\/mmHg; all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.035), respectively. PCAc was also lower with the ASB compared to water (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.007). MCA CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub> was lower following ASB (1.55 \u00b1 0.38 cm\/s\/mmHg) vs. water (2.00 \u00b1 0.57 cm\/s\/mmHg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011) but not after SSB (1.90 \u00b1 0.67 cm\/s\/mmHg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.593). PCA CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub> did not differ between beverages (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.853). There were no differences between beverages for coherence (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2265 0.295), gain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2265 0.058), or phase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2265 0.084) for either frequency.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Discussion:<\/jats:bold> Acute consumption of caffeinated SSB and ASB resulted in lower intracranial artery blood velocity and conductance but had a minimal effect on cerebral vascular function as only MCA CVR<jats:sub>CO2<\/jats:sub> was altered with the ASB compared to water.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2022.1063273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T13:20:24Z","timestamp":1671715224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cerebral vascular function following the acute consumption of caffeinated artificially- and sugar sweetened soft drinks in healthy adults"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Reed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan L.","family":"Worley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Kueck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard D.","family":"Pietrafasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary J.","family":"Schlader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blair D.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31802ca597","article-title":"American college of sports medicine position stand. 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