{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T15:08:22Z","timestamp":1784214502392,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Hum. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The practical use of a combination of trauma psychotherapy and neurofeedback [infra-low-frequency (ILF) neurofeedback and alpha-theta training] is described for the treatment of patients diagnosed with complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD). The indication for this combined treatment is the persistence of symptoms of a hyper-aroused state, anxiety, and sleep disorders even with adequate trauma-focused psychotherapy and supportive medication, according to the Guidelines of the German Society of Psycho-Traumatology (DeGPT). Another indication for a supplementary treatment with neurofeedback is the persistence of dissociative symptoms. Last but not least, the neurofeedback treatment after a trauma-focused psychotherapy session helps to calm the trauma-related reactions and to process the memories. The process of the combined therapy is described and illustrated using two representative case reports. Overall, a rather satisfying result of this outpatient treatment program can be seen in the qualitative appraisal of 7 years of practical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2022.893830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T05:26:15Z","timestamp":1653369975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Case Report: Infra-Low-Frequency Neurofeedback for PTSD: A Therapist's Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Regula","family":"Spreyermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1314.011","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and physical illness: results from clinical and epidemiologic studies","volume":"1032","author":"Boscarino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20706","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v4i0.20706","article-title":"Evidence for proposed ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD: a latent profile analysis","volume":"4","author":"Cloitre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro. 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