{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:15:53Z","timestamp":1774430153504,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Hum. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bal\u00f3\u2019s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating disorder with a striking radiological signature. Its potential for relapse and the impact of vascular comorbidities on disease course remains underrecognized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 52-year-old woman presented with acute limb weakness and sensory disturbances. MRI revealed pathognomonic concentric rings with concentric ring-like enhancement. Despite initial remarkable response to high-dose corticosteroids, she experienced a relapse at 10\u202fmonths with new-onset limb tremor, persistent blood pressure fluctuations (on the basis of partial recovery) and lesion evolution on MRI. Repeat steroid therapy achieved disease stabilization, but residual motor disability persisted with a 1-year total follow-up (6\u202fmonths of stable condition after relapse).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights BCS\u2019s relapsing potential and the synergistic effect of uncontrolled hypertension on disease progression, challenging the notion of its uniformly monophasic course. Vigilant monitoring of vascular risk factors and personalized rehabilitation strategies are crucial, even after excellent initial recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2026.1794003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:47:50Z","timestamp":1774421270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Beyond the monophasic myth: relapsing Bal\u00f3\u2019s concentric sclerosis with residual disability"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Weiya","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nankai Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (Tianjin Nankai Hospital)","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of TCM","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tianjin University Central Hospital (The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin)","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chensijia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Medicine, Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lele","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Medicine, Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengyi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nankai Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (Tianjin Nankai Hospital)","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of TCM","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"The School of Medicine, Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nankai Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (Tianjin Nankai Hospital)","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of TCM","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S335","DOI":"10.4103\/japtr.japtr_336_22","article-title":"Knowledge and awareness on Balo\u2019s disease among dental students: a survey","volume":"13","author":"Ananya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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