{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T05:49:13Z","timestamp":1782107353413,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Hum. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke is characterized by high morbidity and high disability rate, and is the main cause of long-term disability. To evaluate the efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on patients with lower limb motor dysfunction after stroke through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity Motor Function Scale, and analyze the activation of each channel of the cerebral cortex through fNIRS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty-six patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to a control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f33) or an iTBS treatment group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f33). The control group was given basic rehabilitation treatment and sham stimulation of iTBS, while the treatment group was given basic rehabilitation treatment and real stimulation of iTBS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After treatment, when comparing the treatment group and the control group, there was a statistically significant difference in the scores of the Fugl-Meyer Lower Limb Motor Function Assessment Scale. After 4\u202fweeks of treatment, when comparing the treatment group and the control group, there were statistically significant differences in task-related activation in channels over the ipsilesional premotor cortex (PMC) and primary motor cortex (M1), and the contralesional primary somatosensory cortex (S1) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). In the treatment group, task-related activation in channels over ipsilesional PMC and M1 and contralesional S1 was also significantly increased compared with baseline (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>iTBS has a certain curative effect in the treatment of lower limb dysfunction after stroke. On fNIRS, increased activation was observed in channels over ipsilesional PMC and M1 and contralesional S1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2026.1849251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T05:38:17Z","timestamp":1782106697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional near-infrared spectroscopy study of intermittent theta burst stimulation on lower-limb motor dysfunction in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghong","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital","place":["Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09613","article-title":"Glial and neuronal control of brain blood flow","volume":"468","author":"Attwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01489","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1489","article-title":"Cortical mapping of mirror visual feedback training for unilateral upper extremity: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study","volume":"10","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14585","article-title":"Patients' productivity losses and informal care costs related to ischemic stroke: a French population-based study","volume":"28","author":"Barral","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. 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