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In this study, we utilized the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) to systematically examine the brain-wide responses to electrical stimulation using fMRI. We compared fMRI responses of saline-injected controls and epileptic mice during stimulation in the septal hippocampus (HC) at 10 Hz and demonstrated the effects of different stimulation amplitudes (80\u2013230 \u03bcA) and frequencies (1\u2013100 Hz) in epileptic mice. Motivated by recent studies exploring 1 Hz stimulation to prevent epileptic seizures, we furthermore investigated the effect of prolonged 1 Hz stimulation with fMRI. Compared to sham controls, epileptic mice showed less propagation to the contralateral HC, but significantly stronger responses in the ipsilateral HC and a wider spread to the entorhinal cortex and septal region. Varying the stimulation amplitude had little effect on the resulting activation patterns, whereas the stimulation frequency represented the key parameter and determined whether the induced activation remained local or spread from the hippocampal formation into cortical areas. Prolonged stimulation of epileptic mice at 1 Hz caused a slight reduction in local excitability. In this way, our study contributes to a better understanding of these stimulation paradigms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnimg.2024.1423770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T05:00:20Z","timestamp":1723611620000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Probing hippocampal stimulation in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy with functional MRI"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Niels","family":"Schwaderlapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enya","family":"Paschen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"LeVan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"von Elverfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carola A.","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.01.11.575301","article-title":"Improved temporal and spatial focality of non-invasive deep-brain stimulation using multipolar single-pulse temporal interference with applications in epilepsy","author":"Acerbo","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945221","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.945221","article-title":"Focal non-invasive deep-brain stimulation with temporal interference for the suppression of epileptic biomarkers","volume":"16","author":"Acerbo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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