{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:08:18Z","timestamp":1791922098612,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":171,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["278367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["278367"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["603016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]],"date-time":"2016-06-30T10:14:58Z","timestamp":1467281698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Pediatric Autoimmune Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections and Tourette's Syndrome in Preclinical Studies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Spinello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Laviola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Macr\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116502","article-title":"Sequence variants in SLITRK1 are associated with Tourette's syndrome","volume":"310","author":"Abelson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.07.003","article-title":"Altered cognitive-emotional behavior in early experimental autoimmune encephalitis\u2013cytokine and hormonal correlates","volume":"33","author":"Acharjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-8-54","article-title":"Immunization with DAT fragments is associated with long-term striatal impairment, hyperactivity and reduced cognitive flexibility in mice","volume":"8","author":"Adriani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Funct."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.308","article-title":"Impaired sensorimotor gating in unmedicated adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"37","author":"Ahmari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-015-2050-8","article-title":"Factors controlling permeability of the blood-brain barrier","volume":"73","author":"Almutairi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5666","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.12.5666","article-title":"Identification of a major encephalitogenic epitope of proteolipid protein (residues 56\u201370) for the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Biozzi AB\/H and nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"150","author":"Amor","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4349","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.10.4349","article-title":"Identification of epitopes of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein for the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in SJL and Biozzi AB\/H mice","volume":"153","author":"Amor","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3000","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.8.3000","article-title":"Encephalitogenic epitopes of myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein for experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induction in Biozzi ABH (H-2Ag7) mice share an amino acid motif","volume":"156","author":"Amor","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B9","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"APA","year":"2013"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-7431(03)00129-5","article-title":"Identification and characterization of Slitrk, a novel neuronal transmembrane protein family controlling neurite outgrowth","volume":"24","author":"Aruga","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S2255-5021(13)70114-7","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of the last 10 years","volume":"53","author":"Asano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Reumatol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5932","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.10.5932","article-title":"Neonatal dexamethasone treatment increases susceptibility to experimental autoimmune disease in adult rats","volume":"165","author":"Bakker","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.01.041","article-title":"Lesions of the dorsomedial striatum disrupt prepulse inhibition","volume":"180","author":"Baldan Ramsey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810457","article-title":"M-type phospholipase A2 receptor as target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"361","author":"Beck","year":"2009","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2016.02.009","article-title":"Estrogen induces multiple regulatory B cell subtypes and promotes M2 microglia and neuroprotection during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"293","author":"Benedek","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-011-9559-6","article-title":"Striatal microinjection of Sydenham chorea antibodies: using a rat model to examine the dopamine hypothesis","volume":"46","author":"Ben-Pazi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1102-4","article-title":"Pathophysiology of tics and Tourette syndrome","volume":"250","author":"Berardelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1381.019","article-title":"Antibodies to the lens and cornea in anti-DFS70-positive subjects","volume":"1107","author":"Bizzaro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B19","first-page":"999","article-title":"Tourette syndrome in a pedigree with a 7;18 translocation: identification of a YAC spanning the translocation breakpoint at 18q22.3","volume":"59","author":"Boghosian-Sell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2005.01.008","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric features of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"4","author":"Borchers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2.3.275","article-title":"A survey of Tourette syndrome patients and their families: the 1987 Ohio Tourette Survey","volume":"2","author":"Bornstein","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.12.003","article-title":"Altered immunoglobulin profiles in children with Tourette syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Bos-Veneman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182181090","article-title":"Antibody binding to neuronal surface in Sydenham chorea, but not in PANDAS or Tourette syndrome","volume":"76","author":"Brilot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.56","article-title":"Behavioral, pharmacological, and immunological abnormalities after streptococcal exposure: a novel rat model of Sydenham chorea and related neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"37","author":"Brimberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.231","article-title":"The Placenta as a mediator of stress effects on neurodevelopmental reprogramming","volume":"41","author":"Bronson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.04.006","article-title":"Positron emission tomography imaging of neuroinflammation","volume":"4","author":"Cagnin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-1062-y","article-title":"Autoantibodies against opioid or glutamate receptors are associated with changes in morphine reward and physical dependence in mice","volume":"197","author":"Capone","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.110325","article-title":"Group A streptococcal infections and tic disorders in an Italian pediatric population","volume":"138","author":"Cardona","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199909)14:5<805::AID-MDS1013>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Persistent Sydenham's chorea","volume":"14","author":"Cardoso","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.052","article-title":"Histidine decarboxylase deficiency causes tourette syndrome: parallel findings in humans and mice","volume":"81","author":"Castellan Baldan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00101-8","article-title":"Sensorimotor gating in boys with Tourette's syndrome and ADHD: preliminary results","volume":"39","author":"Castellanos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0136271","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136271","article-title":"Understanding the impact of brain disorders: towards a \u2018horizontal epidemiology\u2019 of psychosocial difficulties and their determinants","volume":"10","author":"Cieza","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2015.1074729","article-title":"Psychosocial difficulties from the perspective of persons with neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"38","author":"Coenen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70233-3","article-title":"Body fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Comabella","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514533230","article-title":"The role of microglial activation in disease progression","volume":"20","author":"Correale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.16.4","article-title":"CNS autoimmune disease after infections: animal models, cellular mechanisms and genetic factors","volume":"11","author":"Cutforth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Future Neurol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000226832.36908.4c","article-title":"Serum autoantibodies do not differentiate PANDAS and Tourette syndrome from controls","volume":"66","author":"Dale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.03.008","article-title":"Maternal history of autoimmune disease and later development of tourette syndrome in offspring","volume":"54","author":"Dalsgaard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.01.017","article-title":"Autoantibodies 2015: from diagnostic biomarkers toward prediction, prognosis and prevention","volume":"14","author":"Damoiseaux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.104471","article-title":"Autoimmunity in psychiatry","volume":"200","author":"Davison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.2","article-title":"T-maze alternation in the rodent","volume":"1","author":"Deacon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.26","article-title":"The genetics of Tourette syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Deng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002252","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002252","article-title":"Robust antigen specific th17 T cell response to group A Streptococcus is dependent on IL-6 and intranasal route of infection","volume":"7","author":"Dileepan","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI80792","article-title":"Group A Streptococcus intranasal infection promotes CNS infiltration by streptococcal-specific Th17 cells","volume":"126","author":"Dileepan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(05)80005-7","article-title":"Topographical organization of the projections from physiologically identified areas of the motor cortex to the striatum in the rat","volume":"14","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907006","article-title":"L-histidine decarboxylase and Tourette's syndrome","volume":"362","author":"Ercan-Sencicek","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328363eaf1","article-title":"Pathogenesis and treatment of CNS lupus","volume":"25","author":"Fanouriakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.09.034","article-title":"Rare copy number variants in tourette syndrome disrupt genes in histaminergic pathways and overlap with autism","volume":"71","author":"Fernandez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930500100825","article-title":"Monozygotic twins discordant for epilepsy differ in the levels of potentially pathogenic autoantibodies and cytokines","volume":"38","author":"Ganor","year":"2005a","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/17402520400001736","article-title":"Autoimmune epilepsy: some epilepsy patients harbor autoantibodies to glutamate receptors and dsDNA on both sides of the blood-brain barrier, which may kill neurons and decrease in brain fluids after hemispherotomy","volume":"11","author":"Ganor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Dev. Immunol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930500246339","article-title":"Antibodies to glutamate receptor subtype 3 (GluR3) are found in some patients suffering from epilepsy as the main disease, but not in patients whose epilepsy accompanies antiphospholipid syndrome or Sneddon's syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Ganor","year":"2005c","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.01.005","article-title":"Glutamate receptor antibodies directed against AMPA receptors subunit 3 peptide B (GluR3B) can be produced in DBA\/2J mice, lower seizure threshold and induce abnormal behavior","volume":"42","author":"Ganor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2005.03.011","article-title":"Autoimmune epilepsy: distinct subpopulations of epilepsy patients harbor serum autoantibodies to either glutamate\/AMPA receptor GluR3, glutamate\/NMDA receptor subunit NR2A or double-stranded DNA","volume":"65","author":"Ganor","year":"2005b","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.11.008","article-title":"Detection of auto-antibodies to DAT in the serum: interactions with DAT genotype and psycho-stimulant therapy for ADHD","volume":"278","author":"Giana","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.11.007","article-title":"Glutamate receptor antibodies directed against AMPA receptors subunit 3 peptide B (GluR3B) associate with some cognitive\/psychiatric\/behavioral abnormalities in epilepsy patients","volume":"40","author":"Goldberg-Stern","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00043.2007","article-title":"Histamine in the nervous system","volume":"88","author":"Haas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2012.10.003","article-title":"Autoimmune neurological disorders associated with group-A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection","volume":"35","author":"Hachiya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(00)00320-9","article-title":"Anti-striatal antibodies in Tourette syndrome cause neuronal dysfunction","volume":"111","author":"Hallett","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1351.031","article-title":"Predicting and preventing autoimmunity, myth or reality?","volume":"1069","author":"Harel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96890","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096890","article-title":"Narratives reflecting the lived experiences of people with brain disorders: common psychosocial difficulties and determinants","volume":"9","author":"Hartley","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.03.008","article-title":"The link between childhood trauma and depression: insights from HPA axis studies in humans","volume":"33","author":"Heim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300397","article-title":"Importance of studying the contributions of early adverse experience to neurobiological findings in depression","volume":"29","author":"Heim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.10.010","article-title":"Environmental factors in Tourette syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Hoekstra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.01.040","article-title":"Impaired prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"57","author":"Hoenig","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0887-03.2004","article-title":"A murine model for neuropsychiatric disorders associated with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection","volume":"24","author":"Hoffman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"206","key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00206","article-title":"Neuroimmunology: an expanding frontier in autoimmunity","volume":"6","author":"H\u00f6ftberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32836208de","article-title":"The role of microbes and autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric illness","volume":"25","author":"Hornig","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.01.007","article-title":"Immune-mediated animal models of Tourette syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Hornig","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510055103","article-title":"Immunity and behavior: antibodies alter emotion","volume":"103","author":"Huerta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-141978","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms of IL-17-induced blood-brain barrier disruption","volume":"24","author":"Huppert","year":"2010","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07454","article-title":"A glimmer of light for neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"455","author":"Hyman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24200","article-title":"Cell-surface central nervous system autoantibodies: clinical relevance and emerging paradigms","volume":"76","author":"Irani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(83)90369-6","article-title":"Alteration of exploration and the response to food associated cues after treatment with pimozide","volume":"18","author":"Irwin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.018","article-title":"Antigen excess in modern immunoassays: to anticipate on the unexpected","volume":"14","author":"Jacobs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00008877-199102000-00006","article-title":"Effects of tianeptine on spontaneous alternation, simple and concurrent spatial discrimination learning and on alcohol-induced alternation deficits in mice","volume":"2","author":"Jaffard","year":"1991","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S178","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16033","article-title":"Global research priorities for infections that affect the nervous system","volume":"527","author":"John","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.05.033","article-title":"SLITRK1 binds 14-3-3 and regulates neurite outgrowth in a phosphorylation-dependent manner","volume":"66","author":"Kajiwara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.104.3.227","article-title":"Acoustic signaling in the black rat (Rattus rattus)","volume":"104","author":"Kaltwasser","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Comp. Psychol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2015.8","article-title":"Neurobiology of rodent self-grooming and its value for translational neuroscience","volume":"17","author":"Kalueff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.97","article-title":"Slitrk1-deficient mice display elevated anxiety-like behavior and noradrenergic abnormalities","volume":"15","author":"Katayama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.012","article-title":"Decreased numbers of regulatory T cells suggest impaired immune tolerance in children with tourette syndrome: a preliminary study","volume":"61","author":"Kawikova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1651","article-title":"Human TH17 lymphocytes promote blood-brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kebir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2011.09.002","article-title":"Experimental in vivo and in vitro models of multiple sclerosis: EAE and beyond","volume":"1","author":"Kipp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00395536","article-title":"Acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in radiation bone marrow chimeras between high and low susceptible strains of mice","volume":"24","author":"Korngold","year":"1986","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-720-4_9","article-title":"Aspects of CNS lupus: mouse models of anti-NMDA receptor antibody mediated reactivity","volume":"900","author":"Kowal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.07.011","article-title":"Cognition and immunity; antibody impairs memory","volume":"21","author":"Kowal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7","article-title":"Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS","volume":"19","author":"Kreutzberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073814543303","article-title":"Evaluation of basal ganglia and thalamic inflammation in children with pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection and tourette syndrome: a positron emission tomographic (PET) study using 11C-[R]-PK11195","volume":"30","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Child Neurol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00106-Z","article-title":"Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in adult DA rats subjected to neonatal handling or gentling","volume":"676","author":"Laban","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(01)00041-0","article-title":"The neurobiological basis of spontaneous alternation","volume":"26","author":"Lalonde","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-011-0739-x","article-title":"Involvement of immunologic and biochemical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Tourette's syndrome","volume":"119","author":"Landau","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(93)90232-3","article-title":"The pathogenesis of Tourette's syndrome: epigenetic factors active in early CNS development","volume":"34","author":"Leckman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2009.0118","article-title":"Neurobiological substrates of Tourette's disorder","volume":"20","author":"Leckman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199003000-00010","article-title":"Perinatal factors in the expression of Tourette's syndrome: an exploratory study","volume":"29","author":"Leckman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.12.004","article-title":"Increased serum levels of interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in Tourette's syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Leckman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800130112025","article-title":"Nongenetic factors in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Leckman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.10.004","article-title":"Glial influences on BBB functions and molecular players in immune cell trafficking","volume":"1862","author":"L\u00e9cuyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-1591(87)90036-5","article-title":"Nonspecific stress prevents relapses of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats","volume":"1","author":"Levine","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-109-27183","article-title":"Suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by stress","volume":"109","author":"Levine","year":"1962a","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-111-27799","article-title":"Enhancement of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by adrenalectomy","volume":"111","author":"Levine","year":"1962b","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-014-1193-3","article-title":"Glutamate receptor antibodies in neurological diseases: anti-AMPA-GluR3 antibodies, anti-NMDA-NR1 antibodies, anti-NMDA-NR2A\/B antibodies, anti-mGluR1 antibodies or anti-mGluR5 antibodies are present in subpopulations of patients with either: epilepsy, encephalitis, cerebellar ataxia, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and neuropsychiatric SLE, Sjogren's syndrome, schizophrenia, mania or stroke. These autoimmune anti-glutamate receptor antibodies can bind neurons in few brain regions, activate glutamate receptors, decrease glutamate receptor's expression, impair glutamate-induced signaling and function, activate blood brain barrier endothelial cells, kill neurons, damage the brain, induce behavioral\/psychiatric\/cognitive abnormalities and ataxia in animal models, and can be removed or silenced in some patients by immunotherapy","volume":"121","author":"Levite","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1999.0297","article-title":"Autoimmunity to the glutamate receptor in mice\u2013a model for Rasmussen's encephalitis?","volume":"13","author":"Levite","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1999.0301","article-title":"Autoantibodies to the glutamate receptor kill neurons via activation of the receptor ion channel","volume":"13","author":"Levite","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10522","article-title":"Striatal microinfusion of Tourette syndrome and PANDAS sera: failure to induce behavioral changes","volume":"19","author":"Loiselle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2007.09.001","article-title":"Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"30","author":"Lombroso","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.02.009","article-title":"Behavioral and neural effects of intra-striatal infusion of anti-streptococcal antibodies in rats","volume":"38","author":"Lotan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.09.004","article-title":"Resilience and adaptive aspects of stress in neurobehavioral development","volume":"35","author":"Lyons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.06.019","article-title":"Deficiency in the inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase 2-like (Immp21) gene increases ischemic brain damage and impairs mitochondrial function","volume":"44","author":"Ma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13257","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13257","article-title":"Mice repeatedly exposed to Group-A beta-Haemolytic Streptococcus show perseverative behaviors, impaired sensorimotor gating, and immune activation in rostral diencephalon","volume":"5","author":"Macr\u00ec","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.03.014","article-title":"Theoretical and practical considerations behind the use of laboratory animals for the study of Tourette syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Macr\u00ec","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-010-0369-3","article-title":"Cognitive deficits in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: neuroinflammation and synaptic degeneration","volume":"31","author":"Mandolesi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00212846","article-title":"Dopaminergic stimulation disrupts sensorimotor gating in the rat","volume":"94","author":"Mansbach","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2013.09.006","article-title":"Anti-brain autoantibodies in the serum of schizophrenic patients: a case-control study","volume":"210","author":"Margari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70346-4","article-title":"Sydenham's chorea","volume":"20","author":"Marques-Dias","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04018.x","article-title":"The relationship between group A streptococcal infections and Tourette syndrome: a study on a large service-based cohort","volume":"53","author":"Martino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22504","article-title":"Immunopathogenic mechanisms in tourette syndrome: a critical review","volume":"24","author":"Martino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.04.027","article-title":"The role of immune mechanisms in Tourette syndrome","volume":"1617","author":"Martino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-010-9333-5","article-title":"Neonatal maternal separation alters immune, endocrine, and behavioral responses to acute Theiler's virus infection in adult mice","volume":"40","author":"Meagher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav. Genet."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.4.1007S","article-title":"Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology","volume":"130","author":"Meldrum","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2008.08.032","article-title":"Serum autoantibodies measured by immunofluorescence confirm a failure to differentiate PANDAS and Tourette syndrome from controls","volume":"276","author":"Morris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2010.0043","article-title":"The immunobiology of Tourette's disorder, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with Streptococcus, and related disorders: a way forward","volume":"20","author":"Murphy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001144","article-title":"A transgenic model of comorbid Tourette's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder circuitry","volume":"7","author":"Nordstrom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2012.12.012","article-title":"Changes in nociceptive sensitivity and object recognition in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)","volume":"241","author":"Olechowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.5.2532","article-title":"Membranous cells in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue: a portal of entry for the respiratory mucosal pathogen group A streptococcus","volume":"171","author":"Park","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1086\/319523","article-title":"Disruption of a novel gene (IMMP2L) by a breakpoint in 7q31 associated with Tourette syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Petek","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.11.007","article-title":"The role of glutamate in central nervous system health and disease\u2013a review","volume":"173","author":"Platt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S70325","article-title":"Inflammatory etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus: an update","volume":"8","author":"Podolska","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81049-1","article-title":"Caspr2, a new member of the neurexin superfamily, is localized at the juxtaparanodes of myelinated axons and associates with K+ channels","volume":"24","author":"Poliak","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2011.01.001","article-title":"Slitrks as emerging candidate genes involved in neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"34","author":"Proenca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01479-1","article-title":"Peripheral injections of Freund's adjuvant in mice provoke leakage of serum proteins through the blood-brain barrier without inducing reactive gliosis","volume":"832","author":"Rabchevsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1177\/026119290403201s37","article-title":"The use of animals for research on animal diseases: its impact on the harm-benefit analysis","volume":"32","author":"Rickard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Altern. Lab. Anim."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738060210091001","article-title":"Increased antistreptococcal antibody titers and anti-basal ganglia antibodies in patients with Tourette syndrome: controlled cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Rizzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Child Neurol."},{"issue":"192","key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2014.00192","article-title":"The behavioral and immunological impact of maternal separation: a matter of timing","volume":"8","author":"Roque","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-004-1810-1","article-title":"Apomorphine-induced disruption of prepulse inhibition that can be normalised by systemic haloperidol is insensitive to clozapine pretreatment","volume":"175","author":"Russig","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurx.2006.01.009","article-title":"Contemporary assessment and pharmacotherapy of Tourette syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Scahill","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroRx"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.09.005","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of membranous nephropathy with autoantibodies to phospholipase A2 receptor 1","volume":"13","author":"Schlumberger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e540","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.26","article-title":"Behavioural and molecular endophenotypes in psychotic disorders reveal heritable abnormalities in glutamatergic neurotransmission","volume":"5","author":"Scoriels","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3670-15.2016","article-title":"Disrupted prediction error links excessive amygdala activation to excessive fear","volume":"36","author":"Sengupta","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0519-z","article-title":"Differential roles of resident microglia and infiltrating monocytes in murine CNS autoimmunity","volume":"37","author":"Shemer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203306lu2274rr","article-title":"Prediction and prevention of autoimmune diseases: additional aspects of the mosaic of autoimmunity","volume":"15","author":"Shepshelovich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22378","article-title":"The management of tics","volume":"24","author":"Shprecher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S151","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16028","article-title":"Brain and other nervous system disorders across the lifespan - global challenges and opportunities","volume":"527","author":"Silberberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000183223.69946.f1","article-title":"Serum autoantibodies do not differentiate PANDAS and Tourette syndrome from controls","volume":"65","author":"Singer","year":"2005a","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2005.02.018","article-title":"Microinfusion of antineuronal antibodies into rodent striatum: failure to differentiate between elevated and low titers","volume":"163","author":"Singer","year":"2005b","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)39025-1","article-title":"Differential regulation of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors by chronic drug treatments","volume":"295","author":"Stanwood","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2011.01.007","article-title":"The genetics of Tourette disorder","volume":"21","author":"State","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21919","article-title":"Developmentally regulated and evolutionarily conserved expression of SLITRK1 in brain circuits implicated in Tourette syndrome","volume":"513","author":"Stillman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065x.2001.1840112.x","article-title":"Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the rat: lessons in T-cell immunology and autoreactivity","volume":"184","author":"Swanborg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00386.x","article-title":"Annotation: PANDAS: a model for human autoimmune disease","volume":"46","author":"Swedo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.2.264","article-title":"Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections: clinical description of the first 50 cases","volume":"155","author":"Swedo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B151","first-page":"706","article-title":"Sydenham's chorea: physical and psychological symptoms of St Vitus dance","volume":"91","author":"Swedo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.2.246","article-title":"High prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with Sydenham's chorea","volume":"146","author":"Swedo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.09.002","article-title":"Update: studies of prepulse inhibition of startle, with particular relevance to the pathophysiology or treatment of Tourette Syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2005.05.003","article-title":"Using animal models to develop therapeutics for Tourette Syndrome","volume":"108","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(93)90300-3","article-title":"A preliminary assessment of sensorimotor gating in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"33","author":"Swerdlow","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100799","article-title":"Neural circuit regulation of prepulse inhibition of startle in the rat: current knowledge and future challenges","volume":"156","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2001a","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(01)01164-7","article-title":"Tactile prepuff inhibition of startle in children with Tourette's syndrome: in search of an \u201cfMRI-friendly\u201d startle paradigm","volume":"50","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2001b","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.12.1325","article-title":"Startle gating deficits in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia: relationship to medications, symptoms, neurocognition, and level of function","volume":"63","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.58.2.192","article-title":"Impaired prepulse inhibition of acoustic and tactile startle response in patients with Huntington's disease","volume":"58","author":"Swerdlow","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.4.657","article-title":"An animal model of Tourette's syndrome","volume":"159","author":"Taylor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.02.014","article-title":"Abnormalities of prepulse inhibition do not depend on blink reflex excitability: a study in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease","volume":"115","author":"Valls-Sole","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2006.01.006","article-title":"Animal models of behavioral dysfunctions: basic concepts and classifications, and an evaluation strategy","volume":"52","author":"van der Staay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-5-11","article-title":"Evaluation of animal models of neurobehavioral disorders","volume":"5","author":"van der Staay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Funct."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(03)00097-1","article-title":"CNTNAP2 is disrupted in a family with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder","volume":"82","author":"Verkerk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.03.001","article-title":"Pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis with antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor, muscle-specific kinase and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4","volume":"12","author":"Verschuuren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-14-5-539","article-title":"Immunoendocrine communication via the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in autoimmune diseases","volume":"14","author":"Wick","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427414","article-title":"The validity of animal models of depression","volume":"83","author":"Willner","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00008877-200205000-00001","article-title":"The validity of animal models of predisposition to depression","volume":"13","author":"Willner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.77","article-title":"Passive transfer of streptococcus-induced antibodies reproduces behavioral disturbances in a mouse model of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection","volume":"15","author":"Yaddanapudi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2012.05.009","article-title":"Hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide channel 4 (HCN4) involvement in Tourette's syndrome autoimmunity","volume":"250","author":"Yeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2013.05.009","article-title":"Brain mechanisms for prepulse inhibition in adults with Tourette syndrome: initial findings","volume":"214","author":"Zebardast","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T23:20:59Z","timestamp":1748992859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/Article\/10.3389\/fnins.2016.00310\/abstract"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"references-count":171,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2016.00310","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]}}}