{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T17:06:08Z","timestamp":1785863168120,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]],"date-time":"2017-04-07T03:32:48Z","timestamp":1491535968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Magnitude Codes for Cross-Modal Working Memory in the Primate Frontal Association Cortex"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Nieder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11023","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3466-06.2006","article-title":"Probabilistic encoding of vocalizations in macaque ventral lateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"26","author":"Averbeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(85)90064-8","article-title":"Cortical afferent input to the principalis region of the rhesus monkey","volume":"15","author":"Barbas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199608120-00006","article-title":"Auditory memory cells in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"7","author":"Bodner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903630409","article-title":"Sensory and premotor connections of the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of macaque monkeys","volume":"363","author":"Carmichael","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990125)403:4431::AID-CNE23.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Cortical connections of the frontoparietal opercular areas in the rhesus monkey","volume":"403","author":"Cipolloni","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11307","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3935-04.2004","article-title":"Selectivity for the spatial and nonspatial attributes of auditory stimuli in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"24","author":"Cohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14266","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605826103","article-title":"Neural correlate of subjective sensory experience gradually builds up across cortical areas","volume":"103","author":"de Lafuente","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11233","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5168-13.2014","article-title":"Responses of prefrontal multisensory neurons to mismatching faces and vocalizations","volume":"34","author":"Diehl","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e294","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050294","article-title":"Semantic associations between signs and numerical categories in the prefrontal cortex","volume":"5","author":"Diester","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7827","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1504245112","article-title":"Neurons selective to the number of visual items in the corvid songbird endbrain","volume":"112","author":"Ditz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12044","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1521-16.2016","article-title":"Sensory and working memory representations of small and large numerosities in the crow endbrain","volume":"36","author":"Ditz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(02)00929-0","article-title":"Motor areas in the frontal lobe of the primate","volume":"77","author":"Dum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4449-8","article-title":"Single-cell coding of sensory, spatial and numerical magnitudes in primate prefrontal, premotor and cingulate motor cortices","volume":"234","author":"Eiselt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5502.312","article-title":"Categorical representation of visual stimuli in the primate prefrontal cortex","volume":"291","author":"Freedman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.61.2.331","article-title":"Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"61","author":"Funahashi","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000401","article-title":"Executive frontal functions","volume":"133","author":"Fuster","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1126\/science.173.3997.652","article-title":"Neuron activity related to short-term memory","volume":"173","author":"Fuster","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/35012613","article-title":"Cross-modal and cross-temporal association in neurons of frontal cortex","volume":"405","author":"Fuster","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90304-6","article-title":"Cellular basis of working memory","volume":"14","author":"Goldman-Rakic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(92)90344-8","article-title":"Separate visual pathways for perception and action","volume":"15","author":"Goodale","year":"1992","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7030","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2371-14.2015","article-title":"Audio-vocal interaction in single neurons of the monkey ventrolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"35","author":"Hage","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00613-X","article-title":"Temporal evolution of a decision-making process in medial premotor cortex","volume":"33","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1328-14.2015","article-title":"Prefrontal neuronal responses during audiovisual mnemonic processing","volume":"35","author":"Hwang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.05.009","article-title":"Complementary roles for primate frontal and parietal cortex in guarding working memory from distractor stimuli","volume":"83","author":"Jacob","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3008","article-title":"A new neural framework for visuospatial processing","volume":"12","author":"Kravitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1971.34.3.337","article-title":"Prefrontal cortical unit activity and delayed alternation performance in monkeys","volume":"34","author":"Kubota","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.07.016.2009","article-title":"Prefrontal activity predicts monkeys' decisions during an auditory category task","volume":"3","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.06.015","article-title":"Do sensory cortices process more than one sensory modality during perceptual judgments?","volume":"67","author":"Lemus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9861(20001204)428:1112::AID-CNE83.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Corticocortical connections of visual, sensorimotor, and multimodal processing areas in the parietal lobe of the macaque monkey","volume":"428","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1513","article-title":"Neural codes for perceptual discrimination in primary somatosensory cortex","volume":"8","author":"Luna","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00077","article-title":"Specialized prefrontal \u201cauditory fields\u201d: organization of primate prefrontal-temporal pathways","volume":"8","author":"Medalla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2011.00050","article-title":"Temporal and spatial categorization in human and non-human primates","volume":"5","author":"Mendez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2014.09.001","article-title":"Motor system evolution and the emergence of high cognitive functions","volume":"122","author":"Mendoza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9082","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5513-12.2013","article-title":"Interval tuning in the primate medial premotor cortex as a general timing mechanism","volume":"33","author":"Merchant","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.21032","article-title":"Compressed scaling of abstract numerosity representations in adult humans and monkeys","volume":"21","author":"Merten","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6289","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121084109","article-title":"Active encoding of decisions about stimulus absence in primate prefrontal cortex neurons","volume":"109","author":"Merten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00686.2012","article-title":"Comparison of abstract decision encoding in the monkey prefrontal cortex, the presupplementary, and cingulate motor areas","volume":"110","author":"Merten","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.167","article-title":"An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function","volume":"24","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5154","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05154.1996","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of visual working memory in prefrontal cortex of the macaque","volume":"16","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(83)90190-X","article-title":"Object vision and spatial vision: two cortical pathways","volume":"6","author":"Mishkin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2009.04.008","article-title":"Prefrontal cortex and the evolution of symbolic reference","volume":"19","author":"Nieder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11860","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204580109","article-title":"Supramodal numerosity selectivity of neurons in primate prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices","volume":"109","author":"Nieder","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.40","article-title":"The neuronal code for number","volume":"17","author":"Nieder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1130308","article-title":"Temporal and spatial enumeration processes in the primate parietal cortex","volume":"313","author":"Nieder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072493","article-title":"Representation of the quantity of visual items in the primate prefrontal cortex","volume":"297","author":"Nieder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5986","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1056-07.2007","article-title":"A labeled-line code for small and large numerosities in the monkey prefrontal cortex","volume":"27","author":"Nieder","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5340.1135","article-title":"Areal segregation of face-processing neurons in prefrontal cortex","volume":"278","author":"O'Scalaidhe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9666","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1218-15.2015","article-title":"Inactivation of primate prefrontal cortex impairs auditory and audiovisual working memory","volume":"35","author":"Plakke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.04.002","article-title":"Neural correlates of auditory recognition memory in primate lateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"244","author":"Plakke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00199","article-title":"Auditory connections and functions of prefrontal cortex","volume":"8","author":"Plakke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00019-2","article-title":"Effects of visual experience on the representation of objects in the prefrontal cortex","volume":"27","author":"Rainer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5493","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-13-05493.1999","article-title":"Prospective coding for objects in primate prefrontal cortex","volume":"19","author":"Rainer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.03.052","article-title":"Neuronal representation of numerosity zero in the primate parieto-frontal number network","volume":"26","author":"Ramirez-Cardenas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2331","article-title":"Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing","volume":"12","author":"Rauschecker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/nn781","article-title":"An auditory domain in primate prefrontal cortex","volume":"5","author":"Romanski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1038\/16056","article-title":"Dual streams of auditory afferents target multiple domains in the primate prefrontal cortex","volume":"2","author":"Romanski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/20939","article-title":"Neuronal correlates of parametric working memory in the prefrontal cortex","volume":"399","author":"Romo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1058","article-title":"Flutter discrimination: neural codes, perception, memory and decision making","volume":"4","author":"Romo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.10.010","article-title":"Neural and behavioral correlates of auditory categorization","volume":"229","author":"Russ","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e387","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040387","article-title":"How Behavioral constraints may determine optimal sensory representations","volume":"4","author":"Salinas","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4168","article-title":"Task-specific versus generalized mnemonic representations in parietal and prefrontal cortices","volume":"19","author":"Sarma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11138","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3550-06.2006","article-title":"Integration of auditory and visual communication information in the primate ventrolateral prefrontal cortex","volume":"26","author":"Sugihara","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.631","article-title":"Sequential organization of multiple movements: involvement of cortical motor areas","volume":"24","author":"Tanji","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6621","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5071-11.2012","article-title":"Numerical rule coding in the prefrontal, premotor, and posterior parietal cortices of macaques","volume":"32","author":"Vallentin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.11.026","article-title":"A neural parametric code for storing information of more than one sensory modality in working memory","volume":"89","author":"Vergara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.3.409","article-title":"How to compare two quantities? A computational model of flutter discrimination","volume":"19","author":"Verguts","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929042568497","article-title":"Numerical representations in animals and humans: a neural model","volume":"16","author":"Verguts","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11187","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308141110","article-title":"Neuronal correlates of a visual \u201csense of number\u201d in primate parietal and prefrontal cortices","volume":"110","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.03.025","article-title":"Differential impact of behavioral relevance on quantity coding in primate frontal and parietal neurons","volume":"25","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2005.05.005","article-title":"Prefrontal cortical cells projecting to the supplementary eye field and presupplementary motor area in the monkey","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11726","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3420-06.2006","article-title":"Directional signals in the prefrontal cortex and in area MT during a working memory for visual motion task","volume":"26","author":"Zaksas","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00202\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T19:07:06Z","timestamp":1569006426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00202\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]]},"references-count":71,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00202","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]]}}}