{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:19:53Z","timestamp":1787314793388,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21NS066115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21NS066115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21NS084176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21NS084176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01ES025442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01ES025442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T23:28:56Z","timestamp":1511393336000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Local Fields in Human Subthalamic Nucleus Track the Lead-up to Impulsive Choices"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick T.","family":"Hickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivanand P.","family":"Lad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Platt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis A.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2010.11.013","article-title":"Impulsive behavior and associated clinical variables in Parkinson's disease","volume":"52","author":"Abosch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4682-05.2006","article-title":"Cortical and subcortical contributions to Stop signal response inhibition: role of the subthalamic nucleus","volume":"26","author":"Aron","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21795","article-title":"Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and impulsivity: release your horses","volume":"66","author":"Ballanger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e439","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2014.73","article-title":"Inhibitory control and error monitoring by human subthalamic neurons","volume":"4","author":"Bastin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2011.00083","article-title":"Frontal cortex-like functions of the subthalamic nucleus","volume":"5","author":"Baunez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000032756.14298.18","article-title":"Effect on mood of subthalamic DBS for Parkinson's disease: a consecutive series of 24 patients","volume":"59","author":"Berney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357","article-title":"The psychophysics toolbox","volume":"10","author":"Brainard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spat. Vis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.084","article-title":"Oscillations and the basal ganglia: motor control and beyond","volume":"85","author":"Brittain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13396","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2259-12.2012","article-title":"A role for the subthalamic nucleus in response inhibition during conflict","volume":"32","author":"Brittain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.09.008","article-title":"The STN beta-band profile in Parkinson's disease is stationary and shows prolonged attenuation after deep brain stimulation","volume":"215","author":"Bronte-Stewart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v076.i01","article-title":"Stan: A probabilistic programming language","volume":"20","author":"Carpenter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw"},{"key":"B12","unstructured":"CarvalhoC. M.\n            PolsonN. G.\n            ScottJ. G.\n          Handling Sparsity via the Horseshoe. AISTATS2009"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.01.023","article-title":"Stop! Stay tuned for more information","volume":"247","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2925","article-title":"Subthalamic nucleus stimulation reverses mediofrontal influence over decision threshold","volume":"14","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-011-0200-8","article-title":"Current status of deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a clinical review of different targets","volume":"13","author":"de Koning","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L14","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/4\/2\/L03","article-title":"Toward closed-loop optimization of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: concepts and lessons from a computational model","volume":"4","author":"Feng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3344","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation restores frontostriatal network activity in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"16","author":"Figee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2006.03.006","article-title":"Hold your horses: a dynamic computational role for the subthalamic nucleus in decision making","volume":"19","author":"Frank","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2036-14.2015","article-title":"fMRI and EEG Predictors of Dynamic Decision Parameters during Human Reinforcement Learning","volume":"35","author":"Frank","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1146157","article-title":"Hold your horses: impulsivity, deep brain stimulation, and medication in parkinsonism","volume":"318","author":"Frank","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i01","article-title":"Regularization paths for generalized linear models via coordinate descent","volume":"33","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1177011136","article-title":"Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences","volume":"7","author":"Gelman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stat. Sci"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2008.02509.x","article-title":"Subthalamic deep brain stimulation and impulse control in Parkinson's disease","volume":"16","author":"H\u00e4lbig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8620","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0750-12.2012","article-title":"Subcortical neuronal ensembles: an analysis of motor task association, tremor, oscillations, and synchrony in human patients","volume":"32","author":"Hanson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00564","article-title":"Biomarkers and stimulation algorithms for adaptive brain stimulation","volume":"11","author":"Hoang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neuro."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23515","article-title":"Modulation of subthalamic alpha activity to emotional stimuli correlates with depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease1","volume":"26","author":"Huebl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mov. Disord"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1830","article-title":"Switching from automatic to controlled action by monkey medial frontal cortex","volume":"10","author":"Isoda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7209","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0487-08.2008","article-title":"Role for subthalamic nucleus neurons in switching from automatic to controlled eye movement","volume":"28","author":"Isoda","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2011.09.003","article-title":"New insights into the relationship between dopamine, beta oscillations and motor function","volume":"34","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm167","article-title":"Anatomical connectivity of the subgenual cingulate region targeted with deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"18","author":"Johansen-Berg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.09.029","article-title":"How local is the local field potential?","volume":"72","author":"Kajikawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2526","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.91009.2008","article-title":"Beyond the reward pathway: coding reward magnitude and error in the rat subthalamic nucleus","volume":"102","author":"Lardeux","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.1784","article-title":"Individual differences in risky decision making: a meta-analysis of sensation seeking and impulsivity with the balloon analogue risk task","volume":"27","author":"Lauriola","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Behav. Decis. Mak"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.8.2.75","article-title":"Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART)","volume":"8","author":"Lejuez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Appl"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf128","article-title":"Dependence of subthalamic nucleus oscillations on movement and dopamine in Parkinson's disease","volume":"125","author":"Levy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.029","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule\/ventral striatum for treatment-resistant depression","volume":"65","author":"Malone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(02)00027-5","article-title":"Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal \u201chyperdirect\u201d pathway","volume":"43","author":"Nambu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.1058","article-title":"Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: a primer with examples","volume":"15","author":"Nichols","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000126872.23715.E5","article-title":"Ensemble recordings of human subcortical neurons as a source of motor control signals for a brain-machine interface","volume":"55","author":"Patil","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1162\/089976604774201631","article-title":"Unsupervised spike detection and sorting with wavelets and superparamagnetic clustering","volume":"16","author":"Quiroga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.08.023","article-title":"Closed-loop deep brain stimulation is superior in ameliorating parkinsonism","volume":"72","author":"Rosin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2010.2081377","article-title":"Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study","volume":"19","author":"Santaniello","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16744","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3414-14.2014","article-title":"Human subthalamic nucleus in movement error detection and its evaluation during visuomotor adaptation","volume":"34","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"056001","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/6\/5\/056001","article-title":"An automatic measure for classifying clusters of suspected spikes into single cells versus multiunits","volume":"6","author":"Tankus","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00155","article-title":"High frequency deep brain stimulation attenuates subthalamic and cortical rhythms in Parkinson's disease","volume":"6","author":"Whitmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7322","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1169-14.2014","article-title":"Midline frontal cortex low-frequency activity drives subthalamic nucleus oscillations during conflict","volume":"34","author":"Zavala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14758","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1036-13.2013","article-title":"Subthalamic nucleus local field potential activity during the Eriksen flanker task reveals a novel role for theta phase during conflict monitoring","volume":"33","author":"Zavala","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26072","article-title":"The subthalamic nucleus, oscillations, and conflict","volume":"30","author":"Zavala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Disord"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00646\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T23:29:02Z","timestamp":1511393342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00646\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnins.2017.00646"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2017.00646","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]},"article-number":"646"}}