{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:46:53Z","timestamp":1787960813436,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81400774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81400774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81970678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81970678"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.01134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T04:22:05Z","timestamp":1571718125000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Alterations in Cortical Thickness in Young Male Patients With Childhood-Onset Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Morphometric MRI Study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaolang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengying","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)91678-8","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors in the human brain: quantitative autoradiographic localization.","volume":"503","author":"Adem","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02343.x","article-title":"Insulinlike growth factor-1, insulinlike growth factor binding protein-1, and cognitive function in older men and women.","volume":"57","author":"Al-Delaimy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.84.2.471","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I and cognitive function in healthy older men.","volume":"84","author":"Aleman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20180004","article-title":"Migraine improvement correlates with posterior cingulate cortical thickness reduction.","volume":"76","author":"Amaral","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arq. Neuropsiquiatr."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-009-8081-0","article-title":"The Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Receptor Type 1 (IGF1R) as an Essential Component of the Signalling Network Regulating Neurogenesis.","volume":"40","author":"Annenkov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90355-7","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-1 (somatomedin-C) receptors in the rat brain: distribution and interaction with the hippocampal cholinergic system.","volume":"484","author":"Araujo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000084872","article-title":"Memory performance and the growth hormone\/insulin-like growth factor axis in elderly: a positron emission tomography study.","volume":"81","author":"Arwert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4008\/jcrpe.v1i1.7","article-title":"Evaluation of permanent growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in young adults with childhood onset GHD: a multicenter study.","volume":"1","author":"Berbero\u011flu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Res. Pediatr. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26203.x","article-title":"Patterns of insulin-like growth factor and igf receptor gene expression in the brain: functional implications.","volume":"692","author":"Bondy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033-2909.111.1.62","article-title":"Are adolescents the victims of raging hormones: evidence for activational effects of hormones on moods and behavior at adolescence.","volume":"111","author":"Buchanan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0300-0664.2001.01461.x","article-title":"High incidence of mental disorders, reduced mental well-being and cognitive function in hypopituitary women with GH deficiency treated for pituitary disease.","volume":"56","author":"B\u00fclow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-8655(01)00083-6","article-title":"A medial-surface oriented 3-d two-subfield thinning algorithm.","volume":"22","author":"Cherng-Min","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2002.1114851","article-title":"Three-dimensional topology preserving reduction on the 4-subfields.","volume":"24","author":"Cherng-Min","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.93","article-title":"Do children with congenital hypothyroidism exhibit abnormal cortical morphology.","volume":"78","author":"Clairman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199403000-00005","article-title":"Automatic 3D intersubject registration of MR volumetric data in standardized talairach space.","volume":"18","author":"Collins","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04243.x","article-title":"Transient maternal hypothyroxinemia at onset of corticogenesis alters tangential migration of medial ganglionic eminence-derived neurons.","volume":"22","author":"Cuevas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2006.01.005","article-title":"The effects of growth hormone (GH) deficiency and GH replacement on cognitive performance in adults: a meta-analysis of the current literature.","volume":"31","author":"Falleti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-2189","article-title":"Role of Thyroid hormone receptor subtypes \u03b1 and \u03b2 on gene expression in the cerebral cortex and striatum of postnatal mice.","volume":"154","author":"Gil-Iba\u00f1ez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.05.007","article-title":"Fast and robust parameter estimation for statistical partial volume models in brain MRI.","volume":"23","author":"Jussi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.03.036","article-title":"Automated 3-D extraction and evaluation of the inner and outer cortical surfaces using a Lapcalcian map and partial volume effect classification.","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)90114-3","article-title":"Age-related reduction of human growth hormone-binding sites in the human brain.","volume":"621","author":"Lai","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3689-11.2012","article-title":"Echoes of the brain within the posterior cingulate cortex.","volume":"32","author":"Leech","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.045","article-title":"Cortical thickness analysis examined through power analysis and a population simulation.","volume":"24","author":"Lerch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-016-9576-8","article-title":"Cortical thickness development of human primary visual cortex related tothe age of blindness onset.","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2334","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-014-3239-1","article-title":"Cortical Thinning Correlates with Cognitive Change in Multiple Sclerosis but not in Neuromyelitis Optica.","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1999.0534","article-title":"Automated 3-D extraction of inner and outer surfaces of cerevral cortex from MRI.","volume":"12","author":"MacDonald","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0179","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline.","volume":"96","author":"Molitch","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1929-16.2016","article-title":"Brain structure and function associated with younger adults in growth hormone receptor-deficient humans.","volume":"37","author":"Nashiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1789","article-title":"IGF-I specifically enhances axon outgrowth of corticospinal motor neurons.","volume":"9","author":"Ozdinler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1127997","article-title":"Voxel-based statistical analysis of brain metabolism in patients with growth hormone deficiency after traumatic brain injury.","volume":"30","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(86)90135-1","article-title":"Thyroid hormone and development of the rat hippocampus: morphological alterations in granule and pyramidal cells.","volume":"19","author":"Rami","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1109\/42.668698","article-title":"A nonparametric method for automatic correction of intensity nonuniformity in MRI data.","volume":"17","author":"Sled","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.5325","article-title":"IGF-1 acts as controlling switch for long-term proliferation and maintenance of EGF\/FGF-responsive striatal neural stem cells.","volume":"10","author":"Supeno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713000998","article-title":"Reduced parahippocampal cortical thickness in subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis.","volume":"44","author":"Tognin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1390460","article-title":"Individual risk factors of the metabolic syndrome in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency \u2013 a cross-sectional case-control study.","volume":"123","author":"Uzunova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000089326","article-title":"Neurocognitive function in adults with growth hormone deficiency.","volume":"64","author":"van Dam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Horm. Res."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr305","article-title":"Effect of growth hormone deficiency on brain structure, motor function and cognition.","volume":"135","author":"Webb","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.76.4.8473387","article-title":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital, a palace of endocrine treasures.","volume":"76","author":"Wilson","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00014","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor 1: at the crossroads of brain development and aging.","volume":"11","author":"Wrigley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-11-0200","article-title":"Circulating IGF1 regulates hippocampal IGF1 levels and brain gene expression during adolescence.","volume":"211","author":"Yan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1159\/000478527","article-title":"Childhood-onset adult growth hormone deficiency: clinical, hormonal, and radiological assessment in a single center in China.","volume":"88","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm. Res. Paediatr."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1946-14.2015","article-title":"The effects of an APOE promoter polymorphism on human cortical morphology during nondemented aging.","volume":"35","author":"Yaojing","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185561","article-title":"Reference ranges for serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in healthy Chinese adults.","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2002.806283","article-title":"Automatic \u201cpipeline\u201d analysis of 3-D MRI data for clinical trials: application to multiple sclerosis.","volume":"21","author":"Zijdenbos","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2019.01134\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T04:22:08Z","timestamp":1571718128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2019.01134\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnins.2019.01134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2019.01134","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-453X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"article-number":"1134"}}