{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T03:57:13Z","timestamp":1760587033176,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.544472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T13:31:05Z","timestamp":1600867865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Electrophysiological Dynamics of Visual-Tactile Temporal Order Perception in Early Deaf Adults"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alexandra N.","family":"Scurry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kudzai","family":"Chifamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2019.07.042","article-title":"Spatial cues influence time estimations in deaf individuals.","volume":"19","author":"Amadeo","year":"2019","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e3280d943b9","article-title":"Vibrotactile activation of the auditory cortices in deaf versus hearing adults.","volume":"18","author":"Auer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2018.00015","article-title":"Simultaneity and temporal order judgments are coded differently and change with age: an event-related potential study.","volume":"12","author":"Basharat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00421","article-title":"Beyond the peak - Tactile temporal discrimination does not correlate with individual peak frequencies in somatosensory cortex.","volume":"8","author":"Baumgarten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2007.00620.x","article-title":"Atypical long-latency auditory event-related potentials in a subset of children with specific language impairment.","volume":"10","author":"Bishop","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E600","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609000114","article-title":"Task-specific reorganization of the auditory cortex in deaf humans.","volume":"114","author":"Bola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00135","article-title":"Hearing shapes our perception of time: temporal discrimination of tactile stimuli in deaf people.","volume":"24","author":"Bolognini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0025607","article-title":"Changes in early cortical visual processing predict enhanced reactivity in deaf individuals.","volume":"6","author":"Bottari","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1038\/35784","article-title":"Rubber hands \u2018feel\u2019 touch that eyes see.","volume":"391","author":"Botvinick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-1933-z","article-title":"Auditory dominance over vision in the perception of interval duration.","volume":"198","author":"Burr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13242","article-title":"Behavioural evidence for separate mechanisms of audiovisual temporal binding as a function of leading sensory modality.","volume":"43","author":"Cecere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2195091","article-title":"Auditory-visual speech perception and synchrony detection for speech and nonspeech signals.","volume":"119","author":"Conrey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2009.01651.x","article-title":"The importance of sound for cognitive sequencing abilities: the auditory scaffolding hypothesis.","volume":"18","author":"Conway","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COGNITION.2016.08.010","article-title":"Temporal limits on rubber hand illusion reflect individuals\u2019 temporal resolution in multisensory perception.","volume":"15","author":"Costantini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"journal-title":"Elements of Psychophysics.","year":"1860","author":"Fechner","key":"B15"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1038\/nn763","article-title":"Visual stimuli activate auditory cortex in the deaf.","volume":"4","author":"Finney","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.08.062","article-title":"Visual P2 component is related to theta phase-locking.","volume":"426","author":"Freunberger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1268","article-title":"Recalibration of audiovisual simultaneity.","volume":"7","author":"Fujisaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134283","article-title":"Deaf adolescents have bigger responses for somatosensory and visual stimulations.","volume":"707","author":"G\u00fcd\u00fcc\u00fc","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-008-1282-3","article-title":"Recalibration of perceived time across sensory modalities.","volume":"185","author":"Hanson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2014.00098","article-title":"Visuo-tactile interactions in the congenitally deaf: a behavioral and event-related potential study.","volume":"8","author":"Hauthal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/S10548-013-0341-7","article-title":"Source localisation of visual evoked potentials in congenitally deaf individuals.","volume":"27","author":"Hauthal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Topogr."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enx025","article-title":"Multisensory interference in early deaf adults.","volume":"22","author":"Heimler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Deaf Stud. Deaf Educ."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BANDC.2005.05.012","article-title":"Sensory temporal processing in adults with early hearing loss.","volume":"59","author":"Heming","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Cogn."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.11.041","article-title":"Binding of sights and sounds: age-related changes in multisensory temporal processing.","volume":"49","author":"Hillock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01198","article-title":"Temporal factors affecting somatosensory\u00e2\u20ac\u201cauditory interactions in speech processing.","volume":"5","author":"Ito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9626","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6488-11.2012","article-title":"Altered cross-modal processing in the primary auditory cortex of congenitally deaf adults: a visual-somatosensory fMRI study with a double-flash illusion.","volume":"32","author":"Karns","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEURON.2005.09.018","article-title":"Integration of touch and sound in auditory cortex.","volume":"48","author":"Kayser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-160647","article-title":"Designing sensory-substitution devices: principles, pitfalls and potential1.","volume":"34","author":"Kristj\u00e1nsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Restor. Neurol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797612471142","article-title":"Temporary deafness can impair multisensory integration: a study of cochlear-implant users.","volume":"24","author":"Landry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(80)90419-8","article-title":"Reference-free identification of components of checkerboard-evoked multichannel potential fields.","volume":"48","author":"Lehmann","year":"1980","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)01597-X","article-title":"Feeling vibrations: enhanced tactile sensitivity in congenitally deaf humans.","volume":"301","author":"Lev\u00e4nen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04797-0","article-title":"Influence of the body schema on multisensory integration: evidence from the mirror box illusion.","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/J.HEARES.2012.10.005","article-title":"Maturation of auditory event-related potentials across adolescence.","volume":"294","author":"Mahajan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1512","article-title":"Neural basis of auditory-induced shifts in visual time-order perception.","volume":"8","author":"McDonald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8856","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1018519108","article-title":"Crossmodal reorganization in the early deaf switches sensory, but not behavioral roles of auditory cortex.","volume":"108","author":"Meredith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2011.02.004","article-title":"Somatosensory and visual crossmodal plasticity in the anterior auditory field of early-deaf cats.","volume":"280","author":"Meredith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hear. Res."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3696","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3397432","article-title":"Measures of tactual detection and temporal order resolution in congenitally deaf and normal-hearing adults.","volume":"127","author":"Moallem","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-008-0054-5","article-title":"Topographic ERP analyses: a step-by-step tutorial review.","volume":"20","author":"Murray","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Topogr."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.05.003","article-title":"Multisensory processes: a balancing act across the lifespan.","volume":"39","author":"Murray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099606","article-title":"Audio-tactile integration in congenitally and late deaf cochlear implant users.","volume":"9","author":"Nava","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-008-1459-9","article-title":"Visual temporal order judgment in profoundly deaf individuals.","volume":"190","author":"Nava","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2012.00064","article-title":"Coding of multisensory temporal patterns in human superior temporal sulcus.","volume":"6","author":"Noesselt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4488-1","article-title":"Deaf, blind or deaf-blind: is touch enhanced?","volume":"234","author":"Papagno","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00493","article-title":"Learning and memory processes following cochlear implantation: the missing piece of the puzzle.","volume":"7","author":"Pisoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(99)00236-9","article-title":"Maturation of human central auditory system activity: evidence from multi-channel evoked potentials.","volume":"111","author":"Ponton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12265","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3501-09.2009","article-title":"Perceptual training narrows the temporal window of multisensory binding.","volume":"29","author":"Powers","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1167\/15.1.18","article-title":"Fast periodic presentation of natural images reveals a robust face-selective electrophysiological response in the human brain.","volume":"15","author":"Rossion","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CONB.2005.06.008","article-title":"Multisensory contributions to low-level, \u2018unisensory\u2019 processing.","volume":"15","author":"Schroeder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-20191343","article-title":"Aging impairs temporal sensitivity, but not perceptual synchrony, across modalities.","author":"Scurry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Multisens. Res."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TINS.2008.05.002","article-title":"Crossmodal binding through neural coherence: implications for multisensory processing.","volume":"31","author":"Senkowski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e328348c731","article-title":"Audiovisual temporal discrimination is less efficient with aging: an event-related potential study.","volume":"22","author":"Setti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.027","article-title":"Improving the efficiency of multisensory integration in older adults: audio-visual temporal discrimination training reduces susceptibility to the sound-induced flash illusion.","volume":"61","author":"Setti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027339","article-title":"Individual differences in the multisensory temporal binding window predict susceptibility to audiovisual illusions.","volume":"38","author":"Stevenson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.10.002","article-title":"Effects of neonatal deafness on resting-state functional network connectivity.","volume":"16","author":"Stolzberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.3758\/PP.70.6.955","article-title":"Audiovisual synchrony and temporal order judgments: effects of experimental method and stimulus type.","volume":"70","author":"van Eijk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA.2006.01.001","article-title":"Temporal window of integration in auditory-visual speech perception.","volume":"45","author":"van Wassenhove","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2017.06.002","article-title":"Spatial modulation of motor-sensory recalibration in early deaf individuals.","volume":"10","author":"Vercillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.7.6.1327","article-title":"Auditory\u2013visual conflicts in the perceived duration of lights, tones, and gaps.","volume":"7","author":"Walker","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"year":"1834","author":"Weber","key":"B60"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03204939","article-title":"Contributions of audition and vision to temporal rate perception.","volume":"39","author":"Welch","year":"1986","journal-title":"Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23771","article-title":"Amplified somatosensory and visual cortical projections to a core auditory area, the anterior auditory field, following early- and late-onset deafness.","volume":"523","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/446112","article-title":"Distinct neural mechanisms and temporal constraints govern a cascade of audiotactile interactions.","author":"Zumer","year":"2019","journal-title":"bioRxiv"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2020.544472\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T13:31:10Z","timestamp":1600867870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnins.2020.544472\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnins.2020.544472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2020.544472","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-453X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1662-453X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]]},"article-number":"544472"}}