{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:05:17Z","timestamp":1790633117983,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess brain damage in a rat model of cerebral ischemia based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) data obtained from multi-high <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>-values and evaluate the relationship between Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression and ADC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty eight male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were randomized into two groups: (1) sham controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6) and (2) cerebral ischemia (successful model, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 19). All rats underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with both standard <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>-values and multi-high <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>-values (2,500\u20134,500 s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) using a 3.0-T device. Standard ADC (ADC<jats:sub>st<\/jats:sub>) maps and multi-high <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>-value ADCs (ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub>) were calculated, respectively. Aquaporin 4 expression was quantified using Western blot. Relative values of ADC<jats:sub>st<\/jats:sub> and ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub>, AQP4 expression were compared between the sham group and the ischemia group. Correlations between ADC values and AQP4 expression were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 0.5 h after suture insertion, the value of ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> on the lesion was obviously decreased, and there was no difference in lesion volume when compared with ADC<jats:sub>st<\/jats:sub>. After reperfusion, besides similar regions where ADC<jats:sub>st<\/jats:sub> values decreased, we also found additional large values on ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> within the cortex of the ipsilateral side or surrounding the lesion. The lesion evolution of the large value on ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> was quite different from other indicators. But the total ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> values were still significantly associated with ADC<jats:sub>st<\/jats:sub>. The AQP4 protein expression level was appreciably increased after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), but there was no correlation between AQP4 expression either with ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> or ADC<jats:sub>st<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found the large values on ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> during the progression of cerebral infarction is varied, but there was no correlation between ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> values and AQP4 expression. ADC<jats:sub>mh<\/jats:sub> may indicate the heterogeneity of ischemia lesions, but the underlying pathological basis should be further explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1048429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T08:01:40Z","timestamp":1671523300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Heterogeneity evaluation of multi-high b-value apparent diffusion coefficient on cerebral ischemia in MCAO rat"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Liwei","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianxiu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiqiu","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingtai","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12910","article-title":"The dual effects of the astrocyte-specific enhancer of the AQP 4 M1 promoter.","volume":"591","author":"Abe","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4893782","article-title":"Thermodynamic insight into spontaneous hydration and rapid water permeation in aquaporins.","volume":"105","author":"Barati Farimani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. 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