{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T22:39:24Z","timestamp":1768516764893,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Methods that capture the features of single voxels of resting-state fMRI (RS-fMRI) could precisely localize the abnormal spontaneous activity and hence guide precise brain stimulation. As one of these metrics, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) has been used in numerous studies, however, it is frequency-dependent and the division of frequency bands is still controversial. Based on the well-accepted power law of time series, this study proposed an approach, namely, power spectrum slope (PSS), to characterize the RS-fMRI time series of single voxels. Two metrics, i.e., linear coefficient b and power-law slope b\u2019 were used and compared with ALFF. The reliability and validity of the PSS approach were evaluated on public RS-fMRI datasets (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 145 in total) of eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO) conditions after image preprocessing, with 21 subjects scanned two times for test\u2013retest reliability analyses. Specifically, we used the paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>-test between EC and EO conditions to assess the validity and intra-class correlation (ICC) to assess the reliability. The results included the following: (1) PSS detected similar spatial patterns of validity (i.e., EC\u2013EO differences) and less test\u2013retest reliability with those of ALFF; (2) PSS linear coefficient b showed better validity and reliability than power-law slope b\u2019; (3) While the PPS showed less validity in most regions, PSS linear coefficient b showed exclusive EC\u2013EO difference in the medial temporal lobe which did not show in ALFF. The power spectrum plot in the parahippocampus showed a \u201ccross-over\u201d of power magnitudes between EC and EO conditions in the higher frequency bands (&amp;gt;0.1 Hz). These results demonstrated that PSS (linear coefficient b) is complementary to ALFF for detecting the local spontaneous activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.871609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T08:12:12Z","timestamp":1651824732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Reliability and Validity of Power Spectrum Slope (PSS): A Metric for Measuring Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activity of Single Voxels"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhenxiang","family":"Zang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaozhen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7910","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1296-11.2011","article-title":"Anatomical and functional assemblies of brain bold oscillations.","volume":"31","author":"Baria","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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