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Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the potential pathogenic mechanism of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE+HS) by analyzing the expression profiles of microRNA\/ mRNA\/ lncRNA\/ DNA methylation in brain tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brain tissues of six patients with TLE+HS and nine of normal temporal or parietal cortices (NTP) of patients undergoing internal decompression for traumatic brain injury (TBI) were collected. The total RNA was dephosphorylated, labeled, and hybridized to the Agilent Human miRNA Microarray, Release 19.0, 8 \u00d7 60K. The cDNA was labeled and hybridized to the Agilent LncRNA+mRNA Human Gene Expression Microarray V3.0,4 \u00d7 180K. For methylation detection, the DNA was labeled and hybridized to the Illumina 450K Infinium Methylation BeadChip. The raw data was extracted from hybridized images using Agilent Feature Extraction, and quantile normalization was performed using the Agilent GeneSpring. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value &amp;lt; 0.05 and absolute fold change &amp;gt;2 were considered the threshold of differential expression data. Data analyses were performed using R and Bioconductor. BrainSpan database was used to screen for signatures that were not differentially expressed in normal human hippocampus and cortex (data from BrainSpan), but differentially expressed in TLE+HS\u2019 hippocampus and NTP\u2019 cortex (data from our cohort). The strategy \u201cGuilt by association\u201d was used to predict the prospective roles of each important hub mRNA, miRNA, or lncRNA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significantly negative correlation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; \u22120.5) was found between 116 pairs of microRNA\/mRNA, differentially expressed in six patients with TLE+HS and nine of NTP. We examined this regulation network\u2019s intersection with target gene prediction results and built a lncRNA-microRNA-Gene regulatory network with structural, and functional significance. Meanwhile, we found that the disorder of FGFR3, hsa-miR-486-5p, and lnc-KCNH5-1 plays a key vital role in developing TLE+HS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.892022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T06:11:56Z","timestamp":1655359916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Integrated Analysis of Expression Profile and Potential Pathogenic Mechanism of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhi-Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuan-Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ding-Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi-Long","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Quan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yuan","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhao-Qian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hgmx.2017.05.007","article-title":"Clinical importance of olfactory function in neurodegenerative diseases.","volume":"81","author":"Aguilar Mart\u00ednez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Revista M\u00e9dica del Hospital General de M\u00e9xico"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00466","article-title":"Correlation between IL-10 and microRNA-187 expression in epileptic rat hippocampus and patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.","volume":"9","author":"Alsharafi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. 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