{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T20:54:58Z","timestamp":1768424098822,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>As some critics have stated, the term \u201cdevelopmental dyslexia\u201d refers to a strictly human disorder, relating to a strictly human capacity \u2013 reading \u2013 so it cannot be modeled in experimental animals, much less so in lowly rodents. However, two endophenotypes associated with developmental dyslexia are eminently suitable for animal modeling: Cerebral Lateralization, as illustrated by the association between dyslexia and non-righthandedness, and Cerebrocortical Dysfunction, as illustrated by the described abnormal structural anatomy and\/or physiology and functional imaging of the dyslexic cerebral cortex. This paper will provide a brief review of these two endophenotypes in human beings with developmental dyslexia and will describe the animal work done in my laboratory and that of others to try to shed light on the etiology of and neural mechanisms underlying developmental dyslexia. Some thought will also be given to future directions of the research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.981801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T06:43:06Z","timestamp":1668408186000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Animal models of developmental dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Albert M.","family":"Galaburda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/74jsd","article-title":"Non-right handedness is associated with language and reading impairments.","author":"Abbondanza","year":"2022","journal-title":"PsyArXiv"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118135","article-title":"A high-resolution interactive atlas of the human brainstem using magnetic resonance imaging.","volume":"237","author":"Adil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065179","article-title":"Position of neocortical neurons transfected at different gestational ages with shRNA targeted against candidate dyslexia susceptibility genes.","volume":"8","author":"Adler","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5717","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22579","article-title":"Planum temporale asymmetry in developmental dyslexia: Revisiting an old question.","volume":"35","author":"Altarelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. 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