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Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>As blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) disruption emerges as a common problem in the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, the crucial roles of barrier-type brain endothelial cells (BECs), the primary part of the BBB, have been reported in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms of how early vascular dysfunction contributes to the progress of neurodegeneration are still unclear, and understanding BEC functions is a promising start. Our understanding of the BBB has gone through different stages, from a passive diffusion barrier to a mediator of central-peripheral interactions. BECs serve two seemingly paradoxical roles: as a barrier to protect the delicate brain from toxins and as an interface to constantly receive and release signals, thus maintaining and regulating the homeostasis of the brain. Most previous studies about neurodegenerative diseases focus on the loss of barrier functions, and far too little attention has been paid to the active regulations of BECs. In this review, we present the current evidence of BEC dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and explore how BEC signals participate in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1047778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T04:54:15Z","timestamp":1677214455000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Blood\u2013brain barrier endothelial cells in neurodegenerative diseases: Signals from the \u201cbarrier\u201d"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-022-00334-y","article-title":"Polarized alpha-synuclein trafficking and transcytosis across brain endothelial cells via Rab7-decorated carriers.","volume":"19","author":"Alam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab387","article-title":"VEGF signalling causes stalls in brain capillaries and reduces cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer\u2019s mice.","volume":"145","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1206936","article-title":"The Hedgehog pathway promotes blood-brain barrier integrity and CNS immune quiescence.","volume":"334","author":"Alvarez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn8861","article-title":"Comment on \u201cImpact of neurodegenerative diseases on human adult hippocampal neurogenesis\u201d.","volume":"376","author":"Alvarez-Buylla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4351","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0035-09.2009","article-title":"An oligovascular niche: Cerebral endothelial cells promote the survival and proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.","volume":"29","author":"Arai","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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