{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T13:07:36Z","timestamp":1776517656895,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011975","name":"American Society of Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 MH116950"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MH116950"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sensory Processing Dysfunction (SPD) is common yet understudied, affecting up to one in six children with 40% experiencing co-occurring challenges with attention. The neural architecture of SPD with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (SPD+ADHD) versus SPD without ADHD (SPD-ADHD) has yet to be explored in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) has yet to be examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study computed DTI and NODDI biophysical model parameter maps of one hundred children with SPD. Global, regional and voxel-level white matter tract measures were analyzed and compared between SPD+ADHD and SPD-ADHD groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SPD+ADHD children had global WM Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and Neurite Density Index (NDI) that trended lower than SPD-ADHD children, primarily in boys only. Data-driven voxelwise and WM tract-based analysis revealed statistically significant decreases of NDI in boys with SPD+ADHD compared to those with SPD-ADHD, primarily in projection tracts of the internal capsule and commissural fibers of the splenium of the corpus callosum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conclude that WM microstructure is more delayed\/disrupted in boys with SPD+ADHD compared to SPD-ADHD, with NODDI showing a larger effect than DTI. This may represent the combined WM pathology of SPD and ADHD, or it may result from a greater degree of SPD WM pathology causing the development of ADHD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1136424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T05:14:52Z","timestamp":1688966092000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging of white matter microstructure in sensory processing dysfunction with versus without comorbid ADHD"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ian T.","family":"Mark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Wren-Jarvis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaclyn","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lanya T.","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shalin","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Bourla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maia C.","family":"Lazerwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikaela A.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elysa J.","family":"Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratik","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00336-7","article-title":"How to correct susceptibility distortions in spin-echo echo-planar images: application to diffusion tensor imaging","volume":"20","author":"Andersson","year":"2003","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0172616","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172616","article-title":"A pilot study to determine the feasibility of enhancing cognitive abilities in children with sensory processing dysfunction","volume":"12","author":"Anguera","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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