{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:35:18Z","timestamp":1791959718201,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sensorineural hearing loss is typically caused by damage to the cochlear hair cells (HCs) due to external stimuli or because of one\u2019s genetic factors and the inability to convert sound mechanical energy into nerve impulses. Adult mammalian cochlear HCs cannot regenerate spontaneously; therefore, this type of deafness is usually considered irreversible. Studies on the developmental mechanisms of HC differentiation have revealed that nonsensory cells in the cochlea acquire the ability to differentiate into HCs after the overexpression of specific genes, such as <jats:italic>Atoh1<\/jats:italic>, which makes HC regeneration possible. Gene therapy, through <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> selection and editing of target genes, transforms exogenous gene fragments into target cells and alters the expression of genes in target cells to activate the corresponding differentiation developmental program in target cells. This review summarizes the genes that have been associated with the growth and development of cochlear HCs in recent years and provides an overview of gene therapy approaches in the field of HC regeneration. It concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the current therapeutic approaches to facilitate the early implementation of this therapy in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1177791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T05:01:56Z","timestamp":1683090116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Gene therapy: an emerging therapy for hair cells regeneration in the cochlea"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jipeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.02.022","article-title":"HIC1 represses Atoh1 transcription and hair cell differentiation in the cochlea","volume":"16","author":"Abdul-Aziz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e102077","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102077","article-title":"Hair cell regeneration after ATOH1 gene therapy in the cochlea of profoundly deaf adult guinea pigs","volume":"9","author":"Atkinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2020.108161","article-title":"Signaling pathways (Notch, Wnt, Bmp and Fgf) have additive effects on hair cell regeneration in the chick basilar papilla after streptomycin injury in vitro: additive effects of signaling pathways on hair cell regeneration","volume":"401","author":"Bai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hear. 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