{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:01:25Z","timestamp":1778619685828,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The leading pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer\u2019s disease are amyloidosis and inflammation. The presented work was aimed to study the effect of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMcs) cells-matrix adhesion on their pro-inflammatory state <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Although direct interaction of \u0410\u03b242 to PBMC is not a cellular model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, PBMCs may serve as test cells to detect \u0410\u03b242-dependent molecular effects in monitoring disease progression. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are used to assess changes in cytokines released in response to diseases or Alzheimer\u2019s disease-specific cytotoxic molecules such as A\u03b242. The effect of recombinant amyloid \u03b2-peptide r\u0410\u03b242 on the concentration of endogenous amyloid \u03b2-peptide A\u03b240 and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells that were cultured in suspension and immobilized in alginate microcarriers for 24\u2009h were investigated. The localization and accumulation of A\u03b240 and rA\u03b242 peptides in cells, as well as quantitative determination of the concentration of A\u03b240 peptide, TNF\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 cytokines, was performed by intravital fluorescence imaging. The results were qualitatively similar for both cell models. It was determined that the content of TNF\u03b1 and A\u03b240 in the absence of rA\u03b242 in the incubation medium did not change for 24\u2009h after incubation, and the content of IL-1\u03b2 was lower compared to the cells that were not incubated. Incubation of cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> with exogenous rA\u03b242 led to an increase in the intracellular content of TNF\u03b1 and A\u03b240, and no accumulation of IL-1\u03b2 in cells was observed. The accumulation of A\u03b240 in the cytoplasm was accompanied by the aggregation of rA\u03b242 on the outer surface of the cell plasma membrane. It was shown that the basic levels of indicators and the intensity of the response of immobilized cells to an exogenous stimulus were significantly greater than those of cells in suspension. To explore whether non-neuronal cells effects in alginate microcarriers were cell-matrix adhesion mediated, we tested the effect of blocking \u03b21 integrins on proamyloidogenic and proinflammation cellular state. Immobilization within alginate hydrogels after incubation with the \u03b21 integrins blocking antibodies showed a remarkable inhibition of TNF\u03b1 and A\u03b240 accumulation in rA\u03b242-treated cells. It can be concluded that activation of signal transduction and synthesizing activity of a portion of mononuclear cells of human peripheral blood is possible (can significantly increase) in the presence of cell-matrix adhesion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2024.1325287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T04:45:36Z","timestamp":1707453936000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The effect of human PBMCs immobilization on their \u0410\u03b242 aggregates-dependent proinflammatory state on a cellular model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Kateryna","family":"Kot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurii","family":"Kot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rustam","family":"Kurbanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Andriiash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olena","family":"Tigunova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaroslav","family":"Blume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergiy","family":"Shulga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Freezing and thawing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054431","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2054431","article-title":"The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) superfamily cytokines and their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)","volume":"2022","author":"Behzadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0993-z","article-title":"3D micro-environment regulates NF-\u03ba\u03b2 dependent adhesion to induce monocyte differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13010108","article-title":"The potential role of integrin signaling in memory and cognitive impairment","volume":"13","author":"Biose","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomol. 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